Established Evidence Results

Intervention Components (click on component to see a list of all articles that use that intervention): PATIENT/CONSUMER Telephone Support COMMUNITY Community Health Services Policy Distribution of Promotional Items (Classroom/School) Distribution of Promotional Items (Community) Educational Material

Intervention Description: The intervention consists of three mailings and one brief coaching call delivered by 2-1-1 staff over 6 weeks. Emphasizes establishing a smoke-free home rather than smoking cessation.

Intervention Results: Overall, 40.1% reported creating a full household smoking ban. Among the nonsmoking adults reached at follow-up, days of SHS exposure in the past week decreased from 4.9 to 1.2. Among the 1148 smokers reached for follow-up, 211 people quit, an absolute reduction in smoking of 18.4% (p < .0001), with no differences by gender. Among those reached for 2-month follow-up, the proportion who reported establishing a smoke-free home was comparable to or higher than smoke-free home rates in the prior controlled research studies.

Conclusion: Among those reached for 2-month follow-up, the proportion who reported establishing a smoke-free home was comparable to or higher than smoke-free home rates in the prior controlled research studies.

Study Design: RCTs; 1st was efficacy trial, 2nd was effectiveness trial, 3rd was a generalizability trial, [4th-5th not described in article]

Setting: Telephone counseling for an educational intervention

Population of Focus: 5 2-1-1 centers chosen via competitive applications for a national grants program

Data Source: Participant reports; Tracking Tool for programs to record process of project

Sample Size: 2345 households at five 2-1-1 organizations

Age Range: Not specified

Intervention Components (click on component to see a list of all articles that use that intervention): Media Campaign (Print Materials, Public Address System, Social Media) Distribution of Promotional Items (Community)

Intervention Description: The first intervention involved an FASD informational poster affixed to a pregnancy test dispenser, while the second intervention involved an FASD informational poster alone. Both interventions were posted in women's restrooms at establishments serving alcohol in eight study communities in Alaska and the Yukon Territory.

Intervention Results: The study found that both intervention groups showed improvement in knowledge of FASD, with the dispenser group scoring higher than the poster group on the FASD Health Belief questions at both baseline and follow-up. Additionally, alcohol consumption among pregnant women was lower at follow-up than at baseline, and a smaller proportion of pregnant participants reported drinking alcohol within the past 30 days at follow-up, indicating that the interventions may have influenced pregnant participants to stop drinking. The study also reported generally positive comments from patrons and no requests from establishments to remove the messages prior to the end of the study

Conclusion: Both interventions were posted in women's restrooms at establishments serving alcohol in eight study communities in Alaska and the Yukon Territory.

Study Design: Formative Evaluation

Setting: Alaska & Yukon regions

Population of Focus: women of childbearing age, particularly those who consume alcohol and may be pregnant or become pregnant

Sample Size: 2132

Age Range: 21-40

Intervention Components (click on component to see a list of all articles that use that intervention): CLASSROOM Peer-led Curricular Activities/Training SCHOOL Assembly Media Campaign (Print Materials, Public Address System, Social Media) POPULATION-BASED SYSTEMS COMMUNITY Training Event Media Campaign (Print Materials, Radio, TV) Distribution of Promotional Items (Classroom/School) Distribution of Promotional Items (Community)

Intervention Description: In a community randomized controlled trial, intervention middle school students from small towns were exposed to a community and school-based anti-violence intervention ("Resolve It, Solve It").

Intervention Results: Students in the intervention group reported a significantly higher rate of decline in verbal victimization compared to control students. The difference was only significant among males. For physical victimization, the decline in the intervention group compared to the control group was in the expected direction but did not reach statistical significance (p=0.069). This near significant difference was accounted for by males.

Conclusion: These results suggest that a media and reinforcing community intervention led by older peers can alter rates of growth for some measures of violence and associated factors among small-town youth. Further research is indicated to determine how different campaign messages influence students by sex.

Study Design: Cluster RCT: pretest-posttest

Setting: US

Population of Focus: Not specified

Data Source: Not specified

Sample Size: Total (n=1492) Intervention (n=712); Control (n=780)

Age Range: NR