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Annotation: This report is a summary of an extensive review of more than 3,000 research articles and other materials in the field of mental health. Chapter 1 is an overview of the themes in the report and includes copies of the conclusions from the chapters that follow. Chapter 2 is titled the Fundamentals of Mental Health and Mental Illness. It discusses the structure of the brain, the etiology and epidemiology of mental illness, physical and psychological development, risk factors and prevention, mental health services, and cultural diversity as a factor in treatment and response. Chapter 3 is about children and mental health. It examines normal development, risk factors and prevention, mental disorders in children, and health service delivery. Chapter 4 discusses adults and mental health, and chapter 5 focuses on older adults. The topic of Chapter 6 is organizing and financing mental health services. Chapter 7 deals with ethical, legal, and policy issues in the confidentiality of mental health information. Chapter 8 proposes broad courses of action to remove barriers that prevent people from obtaining mental health treatment.

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Keywords: Adolescents, Adults, Attitudes, Children, Confidentiality, Cultural diversity, Epidemiology, Ethics, Etiology, Health care financing, Legal issues, Mental disorders, Mental health, Mental health services, Models, Older adults, Physical development, Prevention, Psychological development, Public opinion, Reports, Risk factors, Service delivery

Annotation: This report provides a revision and update of Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) 4, published in 1993 in a series of best practices guidelines to help treatment providers design and deliver better services to adolescent clients with substance abuse disorders. Chapter topics include: substance use among adolescents; tailoring treatment to the adolescent's problem; general program characteristics; twelve-step based program; therapeutic communities; family therapy; youth with distinctive treatment needs; and legal and ethical issues. Three appendices are also included: (1) bibliography; (2) medical management of drug intoxication and withdrawal; and (3) field reviewers. Program information and statistics are provided in figures throughout the report.

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Keywords: Adolescent behavior, Adolescent health, Adolescents, Ethics, Family therapy, Health personnel, High risk adolescents, Legal issues, Mental health, Program descriptions, Protocols, Substance abuse treatment services, Substance abusers, Substance use screening, Substance withdrawal syndrome, Therapeutic programs

Annotation: These conference materials serve the goal of improving children's health outcomes. The objectives of this conference are to (1) provide an overview of children's health, including oral health indicators; (2) discuss ethics and allocation of resources to children; (3) promote academic, government, and private partnerships around common goals for children's health; and (4) examine multidisciplinary approaches to basic research and care in dental/craniofacial fields. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

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Keywords: Child health, Conferences, Ethics, Health policy, Interagency cooperation, Oral health, Research, Resource allocation

Annotation: This book provide the texts of the presentations at a conference on biomedical research and orphan medicinal products. Section one addresses rare diseases. Section two discusses related research and development. Section three discusses legislation regarding orphan medicinal products. Section four discusses the related ethical aspects. And section five provides the related discussion of the conference.

Keywords: Conferences, Ethics, Europe, Legislation, Orphan drugs, Pharmaceuticals, Rare diseases, Research

Annotation: This book, written for adolescents, discusses adolescent sex and what other young people have to say about their experiences. The book is also meant to help parents advise their children about sexual issues. The topics discussed are love and sex, sex and relationships, sexuality differences between males and females, pregnancy, child support, adolescent pregnancy, peer pressure and self esteem, double standards, sexual liberation, a personal policy on sex, abstinence, alternative ways to make love, saying no, date rape, sexually transmitted diseases, and AIDS.

Keywords: AIDS, Abstinence, Adolescent pregnancy, Adolescent sexuality, Child support, Ethics, Peer pressure, Rape, Self esteem, Sexually transmitted diseases

Annotation: This book is a collection of nine essays that examine women's health status and health care delivery in different countries and the assumptions behind the dominant medical model of solving problems without regard to social conditions. The authors are members of the Feminist Health Care Ethics Research Network, an interdisciplinary group of scholars and practitioners whose primary interest is in feminist approaches to women's health. The book is the result of a four-year collaborative research project supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. The essays are entitled: A Relational Approach to Autonomy in Health Care; Situating Women in the Politics of Health; The Politics of Health: Geneticization Versus Health Promotion; Contested Bodies, Contested Knowledges: Women, Health, and the Politics of Medicalization; Agency, Diversity, and Constraints: Women and Their Physicians, Canada, 1850-1950; Reflections on the Transfer of "Progress": The Case of Reproduction; Anomalous Women and Political Strategies for Aging Societies; (Re)fashioning Medicine's Response to Wife Abuse; and Reframing Research Involving Humans. Notes are provided at the end of each essay. A list of references and biographies of the authors are included in the book.

Keywords: Africa, Bioethics, Canada, Ethics, Gender discrimination, Health care delivery, Health promotion, Japan, North America, Research, Women's health

Annotation: This book contains information about the organization and goals of the Midwives Alliance of North America. It includes a statement of philosophy and goals, the history of the organization, a statement of values and ethics, a list of standards and qualifications for the art and practice of midwifery, and a list of core competencies for midwifery practice.

Keywords: Associations, Ethics, Midwifery, Midwives, Standards

Annotation: This book deals with issues affecting services for children with special needs and their families. It is divided into three sections: issue briefs, policy statements, and related articles. Six issues concerning care for children with special needs in a managed care environment are addressed: defining and identifying the population; gate keeping, service authorization, and profiling; capitation and risk adjustment; care coordination strategies; quality care; and approaches to integrated system designs. Policy statements cover the medical home concept, health care financing, and service delivery. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Keywords: Children with special health care needs, Ethics, Health care delivery, Health care financing, Home care services, Homelessness, Managed care, Medical home, Pediatric care, Pediatric hospitals

Annotation: This special issue of this journal focuses on issues pertaining to optimizing the delivery of genetic services; it is based on the observations of health consumers and providers in the New England Regional Genetics Group. The introduction of the journal describes the rationale, history, methodology, and goals of the project. The remainder of the issue covers these broad topics: consumer-provider interactions; the social, ethical, and policy contexts in which genetic services are provided; and specific contexts for direct interactions. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Keywords: Ethics, Genetic services, Health services delivery, Public policy, Regional genetics networks, Social factors

Annotation: This paper explores twelve issues relating to family violence; for each topic it provides a context and discusses the implications for mental health professionals. Some of the topics covered are: is treating family violence an intrusion into family privacy, is violence a learned behavior, and is spanking children abusive. Other topics include: how do emotions affect the professionals' approaches to family violence, why don't battered women take their children and leave, are mandatory reporting laws helpful, what does society want police to do in response to family violence, and what legal concerns should professionals have as they work with families?

Keywords: Battered women, Behavior disorders, Child abuse, Family violence, Legal responsibility, Mental health professionals, Physical abuse, Professional ethics, Sexual abuse, Social problems

Annotation: This document begins by defining family centered care and discussing its benefits. It goes on to explain the components of a family centered hospital care program: committed hospital leadership, personnel policies and practices, supportive architecture and design, professional communication with families, family-to-family support and networking, linking families with community resources, educating family-centered professionals, research design, and family involvement in hospital decisions. The concluding chapters offer practical tips for hospital personnel starting a family centered care program and strategies for family involvement in the process. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Keywords: Child health services, Collaboration, Community programs, Ethics, Facility design and construction, Family centered care, Family support services, Health personnel, Hospital services, Parent participation, Parents, Policy development, Professional education, Program development, Research design

Annotation: This report is a summary of case studies of eight adolescent HIV demonstration projects. At the seven projects concerned with AIDS prevention and health service delivery, standard interview protocols were administered to staff, and both staff and project clients gave unstructured interviews. A chapter is devoted to the results from each project. The work of the eighth project, which is concerned with legal and ethical issues in delivering HIV/AIDS-related services to adolescents, is also summarized in one chapter. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Keywords: AIDS, Case studies, Ethics, Federal MCH programs, HIV, High risk adolescents, Legal issues, Preventive health services, Reports, Social services

Annotation: This book, by a philosopher and medical ethicist from the University of Chicago, treats the social and moral issues surrounding women's and children's health. These include sex-role stereotypes in health care; abortion and fertility issues; the ethics of recent medical developments such as fetal tissues transplantation; gender socialization and adolescence; and the feminization of poverty. Although the book has no bibliography, each chapter has extensive end notes, and there are name and subject indexes.

Keywords: Child health, Ethics, Social factors, Women's health

Annotation: These proceedings present papers submitted to the 1989 Public Health Social Work Institute, a continuing education program for social workers in maternal and child health services. Within the framework of the 1989 institute's theme, Children at Risk, participants and speakers discussed issues such as prevention, policy legislation and advocacy, use of data in needs assessment, program models, and ethical decisionmaking. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

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Keywords: Advocacy, Child health, Drug affected infants, Injury prevention, Professional ethics, Public health programs, Public health services, Social workers

Annotation: This collection of essays provides both a comprehensive overview and a detailed analysis of treatment options for children of substance abusers. The book addresses developmental issues for young children, adolescents, and adult children of alcoholics. Individual chapters focus on genetic factors, psychoeducational therapy, codependence and narcissism, resiliency, chronic trauma disorder of childhood, and the effect of 12-step programs on current medical practice. Concluding essays discuss the policy and legal implications of such issues as mandatory genetic screening for children of substance abusers.

Keywords: Alcoholic parents, Alcoholism, Children, Children of alcoholics, Counseling, Dysfunctional families, Evaluation, Family relations, Genetic predisposition, Group therapy, High risk populations, Legal issues, Professional ethics, Protective factors, Psychotherapy, Resilience, Screening, Substance abuse, Traumatic neurosis, Treatment outcome

Annotation: This book is based on presentations at the Institute of Medicine annual meeting held on October 19, 1988. It describes the state of understanding of human fertility, including infertility and contraception. The chapter which deals with adolescent pregnancy and childbearing compares the United States and other countries, discusses the economic and social costs of adolescent childbearing, and reviews some promising adolescent pregnancy prevention programs. Also included are discussions of ethical concerns raised by interventions in human reproduction, and public policy issues that Americans face in the 1990s.

Keywords: Adolescent pregnancy, Contraception, Ethics, Prenatal care, Reproduction, Science

Annotation: This book describes the author's experiences in operating a genetics counseling service in Hungary and presents case studies of individuals with a variety of genetic conditions, for whom pregnancy may be undertaken, may be approved with conditions, or should not be undertaken. It also discusses a baby's right to be born healthy, the dilemma of mother's versus infant's life, the ethical issues in keeping severely handicapped infants alive, the responsibility of men and women in taking genetics into account when choosing mates, artificial insemination, and ethical dilemmas of medical geneticists.

Keywords: Case studies, Ethics, Genetic counseling, Genetics, Hungary, International health

Annotation: This book discusses problems in child health and the influence of medical advances and the changing pattern of society. It is intended for both laymen and child-care professionals. British pediatricians discuss disease, diet, inherited diseases and congenital abnormalities, care of newborns, the reality of handicap, child health and the environment, health services for children and their relationship to educational and social services, ethical issues in child health and disease, changing pediatric perceptions and perspectives, and lifestyle in infancy and childhood, its effects on the early years of life, and how it determines the state of physical and mental health throughout adulthood.

Keywords: Child health, Child health services, Children with developmental disabilities, Congenital abnormalities, Diet, Disease, Environment, Ethics, Lifestyle, Newborn infants, Pediatrics

Annotation: This booklet contains six commencement addresses given by Dr. C. Everett Koop, Surgeon General of the United States, to medical school classes of 1988. Topics include the challenge of medical practice; the physician-patient relationship; responding to patients who are handicapped, aging, or have AIDS; and responding to the patient of tomorrow.

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Keywords: AIDS, Ethics, Older adults, Physician patient relations

Annotation: This book of proceedings consists of presentations given at the second annual U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) Region V Maternal and Child Health Conference held April 26-29, 1987. This conference was the second in a series of annual conferences held to help expand the knowledge and leadership skills of managers in order to improve health-related services to families and children. Major sessions covered lessons learned from MCH data, current programs and legislative issues; health economics; special needs children in families and in school; legal and ethical issues; and advocacy. Focus group abstracts cover promoting MCH coalitions; legal and ethical implications of cost containment measures; future legal implications of Medicaid waivers for MCH; ensuring standards and content of prenatal care; adolescent health; selecting a data management system; improving nutritional status and feeding children with special needs; accounting for racial, ethnic, and cultural factors to encourage utilization of prenatal care; improving the impact of HMOs on MCH service delivery; and creative financing through Medicaid. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau.]

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Keywords: Adolescent health, Children with special health care needs, Ethics, Health care delivery, Health care financing, Health services, Legal issues, Management information systems, Prenatal care