Search Results: MCHLine

Annotation: This annual report shows which countries are succeeding or failing to save the lives of mothers and children up to age five. It examines how investments in health care and nutrition can make a difference for children, mothers, communities, and society as a whole. It also points to proven, low-cost solutions that could save the majority of these young lives. Contents include a summary of key findings and recommendations, reducing the child death toll, child survival progress ranking, low-cost solutions to saving children under age five, a report card on five ways to save lives under age five, changing the world by investing in children, child deaths in the industrialized world and the U.S. ranking, and recommendations on actions to improve the health and mortality of women and children around the world. The appendix includes the index and country rankings. The report concludes with the survey methodology.

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Keywords: Children, Developing countries, Health care, Infant death, Infant health, Infant morbidity, Infant mortality, International health, Mothers, Newborn infants, Nutrition, Prenatal care, Statistical data, Women's health

Annotation: This report discusses the successes and failures of various countries in saving the lives of mothers and their newborn infants. The report examines the ways that investments in health care, nutrition, education, and communication can make a difference for newborns, mothers, communities, and society. The report also suggests solutions that could save infants' lives. The report includes key findings and recommendations and discusses why newborns die, the costs to society of newborn death and disease, the link between mothers and newborns, the relationship between poverty and the death of mothers and newborns, the continuum of care for mothers and newborns, countries' investments in saving newborns' lives, the building blocks of newborn survival, and how countries rank in terms of newborn survival, and newborn mortality in the industrialized world. The report also includes an index that presents detailed statistical information on the status of mothers and children in a variety of countries. Endnotes are included.

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Keywords: Children, Communication, Communities, Developing countries, Education, Health care, Infant death, Infant health, Infant morbidity, Infant mortality, International health, Mothers, Newborn infants, Nutrition, Poverty, Prenatal care, Women's health

Annotation: This document includes abstracts accepted for the CityMatCH conference, Expedition 2004: Exploring the Boundaries of Urban MCH. The abstracts accepted for the conference reflect innovative activities, strategies, or lessons learned that have strengthened the conference participant's capacity to serve children and families. Abstracts for which oral presentations are given are grouped into the following categories: (1) advocacy: strategies for local leaders to advance MCH policy and programs, (2) addressing the epidemic of overweight children: practice and policy, (3) assuring access for women and children, (4) creating healthier communities for our children, (5) focusing on preconception health: improving morbidity and mortality, (6) inside or outside our circle:do mental health concerns affect our outcomes?, (7) integrating urban women's health in local health departments, and (8) mentoring fathers, strengthening families. The document also includes a poster section, which includes abstracts that best address the specific review criteria, and a publication only section, which includes abstracts that are published but not presented.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Advocacy, Child health, Children, Communities, Community programs, Conferences, Families, Fathers, Leadership, MCH programs, Mental health, Morbidity, Mortality, Obesity, Preconception care, Public policy, Urban areas, Women's health

Annotation: This book for parents provides practical advice for helping their adolescent children adjust to the changes of adolescence and make good decisions about drugs, alcohol, tobacco, premature sexual activity and other threats to their physical and emotional well-being. The book is divided into four parts: an overview of the changes common to adolescence; the environments of home, school, and the world; safeguarding against the hurdles of adolescence; and setting good health patterns for a lifetime. Topics also include safety and injury prevention, common medical conditions in adolescence, sport and physical activity, and chronic illness or disability. Highlighted information and statistics are presented in tables and boxes throughout the book, and an index is provided.

Keywords: Adolescent attitudes, Adolescent behaviors, Adolescent health, Adolescent morbidity, Adolescent nutrition, Adolescent sexuality, Adolescents, Alcohol abuse, Drug abuse, Parent child relations, Parenting skills, Parents, Psychosocial development, Self esteem, Sexually transmitted diseases, Substance abuse

Annotation: This document focuses on the relationship between environmental exposures and child health. The fact sheet provides an overview of the issue, discusses the economic costs of childhood illness, and explains the precautionary principle, that is, when an activity raises threats of harm to human health or the environment, precautionary measures should be taken, even if some cause and effect relationships are not fully established scientifically. Also included is a sampling of precautionary efforts under way to protect children's health.

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Keywords: Child health, Child morbidity, Costs, Disease prevention, Environment, Environmental exposure

Annotation: This case-based curriculum covers topics in the management of medical and psychiatric comorbidity, promotes collaboration between pediatricians and child psychiatrists, strives to optimize the care of children and their families, and seeks to minimize demands on faculty time and other resources. The curriculum consists of three case-based modules. Each module includes a case abstract, a statement of goals and objectives, a facilitator's guide to leading the discussion, a three-part case narrative, a bibliography, and teaching handouts.

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Keywords: Case studies, Child health, Child morbidity, Collaboration, Curricula, Families, Mental disorders, Teaching

Annotation: This paper provides a general introduction to children's environmental health issues and the special vulnerabilities and health problems of children. Chapter 1 is an introduction, chapter 2 discusses why children's environmental health needs to be studied separately from adults', chapter 3 discusses and contrasts the major causes of child and adult morbidity, chapter 4 summarizes some of the known or suspected relationships between children's health and exposure to environmental agents, and chapter 5 offers conclusions. The paper includes several tables, and it concludes with an extensive reference list.

Keywords: Child health, Child morbidity, Environmental health, Morbidity, Morbidity rates

Annotation: This fact book presents an overview of children and adolescents in U.S. hospitals, providing insight into the types of conditions for which they are hospitalized, the types of procedures they receive, who is billed for the stays, the resources associated with their hospital stays, and where they are discharged to when they leave the hospital. The fact book begins with an overview of hospital care for children and adolescents overall and compares information about children and adolescents to information about adults. It then provides more detailed information about three major subgroups of pediatric hospital stays: (1) neonatal stays, (2) stays for other pediatric illness, and (3) stays for adolescent pregnancy and delivery. Statistical information is presented in figures and tables throughout the fact book.

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Keywords: Adolescent pregnancy, Adolescents, Child health: Adolescent health, Children, Costs, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Infant health, Infants, Neonatal intensive care, Neonatal morbidity

Annotation: This report discusses the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development's (NICHD's) efforts to bridge the health disparities gap. The report discusses NICHD's health disparities plan as well as NICHD's unique perspectives in health disparities for the following areas: infant and maternal mortality and morbidity; reproductive health; HIV/AIDS -- targeting women and teens; early antecedents of disparities in disease and growth; early antecedents of child well-being and adverse behaviors; school readiness; cognitive and behavioral development; restoring function and preventing disability; training and career development; and outreach to communities and their institutions. For each area, the report presents facts, information on current outreach, and future goals/objectives. The report includes a roster of advisors.

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Keywords: AIDS, Adolescent behavior, Adolescent health, Careers, Child behavior, Child development, Child health, Cognitive development, Communities, Early childhood development, Early intervention, HIV infection, Infant health, Infant morbidity, Infant mortality, Maternal health, Maternal morbidity, Maternal mortality, Minority groups, Outreach, Reproductive health, School readiness, Training

Annotation: This report focuses on maternal and child health statistics for the Russian Federation and the United States. The report covers a broad range of health measures including the following: prenatal care, pregnancy complications, abortion, method of delivery, birth order, births to unmarried women, births by age of mother, infant mortality, maternal mortality, child mortality by age group, immunizations, morbidity in the Russian Federation, hospitalization in the United States, and communicable diseases. The report also includes a discussion of data quality issues to assist in understanding limitations in the accuracy, coverage, or comparability of the information presented. A background section provides a brief description of the organization of each country's health care system, as well as an outline of national guidelines for the provision of maternal and child health care. The report also contains 24 tables covering population size, prenatal and obstetrical care, abortions, natality data, breastfeeding practices, mortality data including causes of death, immunization rates, communicable diseases, and other morbidity measures. The report provides additional detail, when available, for key subgroups of each population: In the Russian Federation, data are presented for urban and rural regions; in the United States, for black and white racial groups. In the final section of the report, a glossary of terms provides additional detail on differences in definitions between the two countries.

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Keywords: Abortion, Child health, Child health services, Child mortality, Childbirth, Communicable diseases, Health statistics, Hospitalization, Immunization programs, Infant health services, Infant mortality, Maternal age, Maternal health, Maternal health services, Maternal mortality, Morbidity, Pregnancy complications, Premarital pregnancy, Prenatal care, Racial factors, Rural population, Russia, United States, Urban population, Vital statistics

Annotation: This resource features a series of reports published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports between April and December 1999 on 10 public health achievements, reflecting the successful response of public health to the major causes of morbidity and mortality for the period 1900-1999. Topics include vaccination, motor-vehicle safety, workplace safety, control of infectious diseases, decline in deaths from coronary heart disease and stroke, safer and healthier foods, healthier mothers and babies, family planning, fluoridation of drinking water, and tobacco as a health hazard. Critical changes in the U.S. public health system during the century are also addressed.

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Keywords: Adults, Cardiovascular diseases, Children, Families, Family planning, Fluorides, Food safety, Health policy, History, Infant health, Infection control, Maternal health, Morbidity, Mortality, Motor vehicle safety, Occupational safety and health, Oral health, Public health, Strokes, Systems development, Tobacco use, Vaccination effects, Water

Annotation: This study was a longitudinal, prospective investigation of the medical, social, and developmental correlates of chronic lung disease during the first 2 years of life. Data was evaluated descriptively as well as through a series of multivariate analyses of variance with repeated measures to describe the functioning of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and to understand the developmental interferences imposed by BPD early in life. The research provided practical information about family and developmental stresses related to lung disease that might be amenable to intervention early in life and also contribute to our theoretical understanding of the role of chronic illness in child development. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Keywords: Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia, Chronic Illnesses and Disabilities, Early Childhood Development, Infant Morbidity, Low Birthweight, MCH Research, Pulmonary Disease, Research

Annotation: This report explores the effect of health insurance coverage on children's access to health care. Prepared in response to a Congressional request, this report also discusses whether expanding publicly funded insurance improves children's access to health care and what barriers, in addition to lack of insurance, may deter children from obtaining health care. The findings of the report are the result of a literature review covering the past ten years, generally based on analyses of large national surveys. The report includes references.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Barriers, Child morbidity, Children, Children with special health care needs, Chronic illnesses and disabilities, Health insurance, Health promotion, High risk children, Hospitalization, Low income groups, Medicaid, National surveys, Preventive health services, Primary care, Primary care, Uninsured persons

Annotation: This report results from a two-year study on the use of certified nurse practitioners, nurse-midwives, and physician assistants in the southern states and territories in order to provide the mostly rural populations with better access to health care. The report aims to educate southern policymakers about the benefits of using these practitioners, to document barriers to their practicing, and to assist these states and territories in improving the legal and regulatory environment for their practice. The report reviews research on the quality of care; and cost-effectiveness of care delivered by these practitioners; describes site visits in Louisiana, Georgia, and Florida; and makes recommendations.

Keywords: Childbirth, Cost effectiveness, Florida, Georgia, Infant morbidity, Infant mortality, Louisiana, Nurse midwives, Nurse practitioners, Patient satisfaction, Physician assistants, Quality assurance, Southern United States, Statistics, Treatment outcome

Annotation: This report on the health needs of children in Allegheny County includes the physical, environmental, social, and mental aspects of health. New morbidity is a prime focus of this report. Demographics for distribution of household income, overall population distribution and distribution by race are featured. Statistics are reported for chronic conditions, immunization rates, infectious diseases, tuberculosis, nutrition and psychical activity/fitness, and dental conditions. Maps designate the areas of high risk for natality, mortality, and behavior.

Keywords: Adolescent health, Child health, Crime, Demographics, Juvenile delinquents, Morbidity, Mortality, Needs assessment, Pennsylvania, Risk taking, Sexually transmitted diseases, Statistics

Annotation: This report outlines classifications and definitions of variables used in childhood injury research as developed at a conference held March 20-21, 1989 by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). The report is intended as a tool for those involved with injury control efforts of various types. The broad areas addressed are grouped by demographic descriptors (age, race/ethnicity, region, socioeconomic status) and by the leading causes of child hood injury morbidity and mortality (motor vehicles, burns, drowning, falls, head/spine injury and violence). Each injury outline lists the range of factors potentially relevant to E-codes. Appendices list E-code groupings, references and conference participants.

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Keywords: Burns, Children, Correlates of injury, Data collection, Data sources, Demographics, Drowning, External cause of injury codes, Falls, Head injuries, Injury prevention, International classification of diseases, Morbidity, Mortality, Motor vehicles, Population surveillance, Public health agencies, Research, Spinal cord injuries, Unintentional injuries, Violence

Annotation: The purpose of the Childhood Injury Reduction Project (CHIRP) was to assume leadership in the development of a system by which data concerning fatal and nonfatal childhood injuries would be compiled, analyzed, reported, and ultimately used in the development of prevention strategies. The overall goal was to have a system in place by which childhood injury data were reported to a central agency by September 1991. Toward this goal, two impact objectives were developed: (1) A statewide surveillance system was to be established by September 1991 to provide a data base on childhood injury; and (2) a coalition of agencies and associations with interest in childhood injury was to be formed by September 1990 to focus on the problem and provide input into the development of the project. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Keywords: Accidents, Burns, Children, Data Collection, Information Systems, Injuries, Injury Prevention, Morbidity, Mortality, Poisons, Safety, Seat Belts/Restraints for Children

Annotation: This data book and a related set of slides present information on the nature and incidence of unintentional and intentional injuries among U.S. children and adolescents ages 1–19. The book is divided into five sections: (1) Overview—comparisons between injury and diseases, international comparisons; (2) mortality—major causes of injury by developmental stage, mortality data compared to morbidity data; (3) unintentional injury—motor vehicles, pedestrians, bicycles, drowning and near drowning, fires and burns, unintentional firearms, poisoning, falls, occupational injuries, farm injuries, sports, toys and recreational equipment; (4) violence—homicide, assault, suicide, child abuse and neglect, rape; and (5) interventions—chart by age group, the cost of injury, suggestions for ways to prevent child and adolescent injury. An appendix presents 1988 injury mortality rates for children ages 1–4, 5–9, 10–14, and 15–19, for 11 major injury categories. Federal agencies contributing data include the National Center for Health Statistics, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Consumer Product Safety Commission, Department of Justice, and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

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Keywords: Adolescent health, Adolescents, Advocacy, Audiovisual materials, Child development, Child health, Children, Costs, Data, Firearm injuries, Infants, Injuries, Integration, Morbidity, Mortality, Occupational injuries, Planning, Preschool children, Recreational injuries, Residential injuries, Safety equipment, Schools, Slides, Suicide, Toddlers, Transportation injuries, Violence

Annotation: The New England Network to Prevent Childhood Injuries Incentive Grant project worked with the region's six states to enhance decisionmakers' understanding of injury, foster improved media coverage of the problem, develop accurate and comprehensive state data sources, and build state capacity to address childhood injury in an ongoing program or unit. Program activities included development of publications, slide shows, and documents; and provision of technical assistance to states to enhance their injury prevention capacity. Major results were heightened understanding of the elements of institutionalizing injury prevention programs, products that successfully conveyed the extent and preventability of the childhood injury problem, and individual state accomplishments (e.g., formation of an injury prevention coalition, successful statewide conference on injury prevention, improved interdepartmental sharing of information and data). [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Keywords: Child, Children, Data Collection, Education of Health Professionals, Injuries, Injury Prevention, Morbidity, Mortality, Networking

Annotation: This project expanded childhood injury surveillance efforts and childhood injury prevention activities within local community health services. Project activities included compiling data on childhood-specific injury morbidity and mortality, creating a coalition of agencies with an interest in childhood injuries, providing assistance in developing local prevention programs, developing a comprehensive approach to reduce scald injuries in children ages birth to five years, and making long-range plans to address other types of injuries and other age groups. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Keywords: Adolescents, American Academy of Pediatrics, Burns, Centers for Disease Control (CDC), Child, Data Collection, Education of Health Professionals, Emergency Medical Services, Injury Prevention Injuries, Morbidity, Mortality, Preschoolers, Rural Population, Scalds, School-Age Children