Multimedia MCH Resources Bibliography

Annotation: These clinical preventive service recommendations provide guidance on topics ranging from preeclampsia to neural tube defects that can help support evidence-based decisions.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Maternity and infant care, Newborns, Perinatal care, Postpartum care, Prenatal care

Annotation: These recommendations from the American Heart Association provide a framework for enhancing postpartum systems of care to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. The document outlines strategies for standardizing clinical education, defining the postpartum period as one year, and evaluating cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and diabetes. It emphasizes the importance of patient-centered holistic care through collaboration with midwives and doulas and advocates for 12 months of comprehensive health coverage for all postpartum people. Discussion also covers identifying social determinants of health and improving data collection through a national database for quality performance

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Keywords: Guidelines, Health care systems, Maternal morbidity, Maternal mortality, Postpartum care, Prevention

Annotation: This document provides guidelines for healthcare providers on drafting work accommodation notes for pregnant and postpartum patients to help them receive necessary adjustments and keep their jobs. It explains the Pregnant Workers Fairness Act, which requires covered employers to provide reasonable accommodations for limitations related to pregnancy, childbirth, and related conditions. The guidelines detail five key components of an effective work note: (1) stating that the patient has a limitation due to pregnancy, childbirth, or a related condition requiring accommodation; (2) identifying the specific limitation; (3) affirming the patient can continue working with an accommodation, if true; (4) describing the recommended adjustment; and (5) providing an expected duration. The document includes a sample work note and an extensive appendix listing common pregnancy-related conditions and responsive accommodations. It also provides contact information for WorkLife Law's free legal helpline for guidance on work accommodation

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Keywords: Guidelines, Legislation, Postpartum care, Prenatal care, Working mothers, Workplace safety

Annotation: This document provides guidance from the Indiana Perinatal Quality Improvement Collaborative (IPQIC) on standardizing discharge planning and referrals to ongoing services and support for postpartum patients with substance use disorders. It outlines recommended hospital procedures, including urine drug screening, monitoring for withdrawal symptoms, offering medication-assisted treatment, and providing referrals to treatment programs and resources. The document emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive discharge plan that includes outpatient follow-up with pediatric, substance use, and primary care providers, as well as newborn safe sleep education and contraception planning. Additional resources are provided for further information and referrals.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Indiana, Perinatal care, Postpartum care, Quality improvement, Standards, State initiatives

Annotation: This website describes the Advancing Maternal Health Through Quality Improvement and Professional Education Initiative and its efforts to improve postpartum systems of care related to cardiovascular health. It addresses management strategies for heart disease risk factors such as high blood pressure, preeclampsia, and gestational diabetes in birthing persons to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. Available resources include scientific statements, professional guidelines, webinars, and a podcast series that explores community-led solutions and clinical-community linkages. The site also presents clinical recommendations developed by a multi-disciplinary writing group supported by Merck for Mothers.

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Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, Health care systems, Maternal health, Perinatal care, Postpartum care, Quality improvement

Annotation: This Clinical Consensus document offers guidance for maternity care professionals and their teams on implementing a transformative approach to prenatal care delivery for pregnant and birthing individuals. It mandates conducting a comprehensive prenatal needs assessment, including medical, social, and structural drivers of health, ideally before 10 weeks of gestation or when the pregnant individual first presents for care, and utilizing shared decision making to develop individualized care plans. The consensus details recommendations across three core areas for modernizing care: addressing unmet social needs by coordinating assistance and adjusting care delivery to improve accessibility; tailoring the frequency of prenatal visits and monitoring schedules based on the individual's medical and social needs; and incorporating alternative care modalities such as telemedicine and group prenatal care. Developed using a Clinical Consensus methodology informed by systematic reviews, the guidance seeks to improve access, experience, and health outcomes, particularly for individuals marginalized by racism, socioeconomic status, and geography, in an effort to promote health equity

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Keywords: Access to care, Guidelines, Pregnancy, Prenatal care, Risk factors

Annotation: This presentation for healthcare professionals summarizes the 2025 AHA/ACC blood pressure guidelines tailored for pregnant and postpartum persons. It identifies cardiovascular disease as the leading cause of maternal mortality and provides evidence-based recommendations for the classification and management of hypertensive disorders such as preeclampsia. The document details clinical workflows and algorithms for urgent blood pressure control alongside lifestyle modifications to reduce long-term cardiovascular risk. Additional topics include strategies for transitional care during the "fourth trimester" and guidance for non-obstetric providers on recognizing maternal health complications in emergency and clinic settings,,.

• Videorecording
• Slide Deck

Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases, Guidelines, Hyptertension, Perinatal care, Postpartum care

Annotation: This web page for obstetric healthcare providers presents clinical guidance on the use of antiviral medications to treat and prevent influenza during pregnancy and the postpartum period. It describes the increased risk of severe complications for individuals during these stages and outlines strategies for identifying symptoms such as fever and respiratory issues. The web page recommends early empiric treatment with oseltamivir and provides evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of various antiviral drugs. Additional sections cover protocols for antiviral chemoprophylaxis following exposure and recommendations for counseling patients on rapid access to medical evaluation

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Keywords: Guidelines, Influenza, Medications, Pregnancy, Prevention, Puerperium, Therapeutics

Annotation: These perinatal clinical care guidelines for the general population include guidelines for the first prenatal visit (6–12 weeks) and each subsequent prenatal visit (13–42 weeks). Topics include initial and interval history; psychosocial assessment; physical examinations; immunizations; laboratory evaluation and additional testing; oral health; genetic counseling, screening, and testing; general counseling, education, and discussion; and the postpartum visit.

• 2024 Guidelines
• License Required To Access This Material

Keywords: Guidelines, Perinatal health, Perinatal services, Postpartum care, Pregnant women, Prenatal care, Preventive health services

Annotation: This workbook provides guidance for implementing evidence-based practices to improve postpartum care during the transition from hospital discharge to outpatient follow-up. It summarizes trends in U.S. maternal mortality, with more than 50% of pregnancy-related deaths occurring in the postpartum period. The workbook outlines ACOG's updated recommendations for postpartum care as an ongoing process through 12 weeks after birth, including an initial visit within 3 weeks and a comprehensive visit by 12 weeks. It presents Missouri-specific data on the timing and causes of pregnancy-related deaths, low postpartum visit attendance rates, and shortages of obstetric and mental health providers. Key objectives and strategies are provided for improving postpartum transitions, such as implementing discharge templates and processes, increasing postpartum visit attendance, screening for medical and mental health conditions, providing linkages to specialist and community-based care, and leveraging Medicaid coverage extensions. The AIM Postpartum Discharge Transition Bundle components and resources for implementation are included.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Health care disparities, Missouri, Patient discharge, Postpartum care, Quality improvement, State initiatives

Annotation: This medical reference chapter describes postpartum care and associated disorders during the 6-week period after childbirth (puerperium). It details normal physiologic changes that occur postpartum, including vital signs, vaginal discharge patterns, uterine changes, and laboratory parameters. The chapter outlines routine postpartum care protocols, preventive measures like vaccinations and Rh immunization, and major complications such as hemorrhage, infection, hypertensive disorders, and psychiatric conditions. Written for healthcare professionals, it provides evidence-based guidelines for monitoring, early detection of problems, and management of common postpartum complications, with specific recommendations for both vaginal and cesarean deliveries. A link to related patient education is included.

• Professional Version
• Consumer Version

Keywords: Evidence based medicine, Guidelines, Patient education, Postpartum care, Postpartum depression, Postpartum women, Puerperium, Resources for professionals, Standards

Annotation: This report provides evidence-based clinical practice recommendations for health care providers regarding the safe use of specific contraceptive methods by persons who have certain characteristics or medical conditions. The recommendations, which were updated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) following a review of scientific evidence and a meeting with national experts in Atlanta, Georgia, during January 25–27, 2023, replace the 2016 U.S. MEC and are intended to remove unnecessary medical barriers to accessing and using contraception while supporting noncoercive, person-centered counseling. The guidance includes four classification categories (U.S. MEC 1 through 4) that health care providers can use to assess eligibility for methods like intrauterine devices (IUDs), combined hormonal contraceptives (CHCs), and permanent contraception. This report is also available in Spanish

• Website
• Pdf In English

Keywords: Chronic illnesses and disabilities, Contraception, Contraceptive devices, Family planning, Guidelines, Safety

Annotation: This toolkit provides actionable information, algorithms, and clinical guidance to support detection, assessment, and treatment of perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. Included is a summary of perinatal mental health conditions; patient screening and treatment guidance; a how-to guide on integrating mental health care into obstetric practice; and educational resources for providers, patients, and families. The toolkit was developed by the UMass Chan Medical School and reviewed by members of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists' Maternal Mental Health Expert Work Group.

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Keywords: Mental health, Obstetrical care, Perinatal care, Service integration

Annotation: This Clinical Practice Guideline includes recommendations on the screening and diagnosis of perinatal mental health conditions including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, acute postpartum psychosis, and the symptom of suicidality. Recommendations are classified by strength and evidence quality.

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Keywords: Annxiety, Depression, Diagnosis, Guidelines, Mental health, Mood disorders, Perinatal care, Screening

Annotation: This Clinical Practice Guideline includes recommendations on treatment and management of perinatal mental health conditions including depression, anxiety, bipolar disorders, and acute postpartum psychosis, with a focus on psychopharmacotherapy.

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Keywords: Annxiety, Depression, Disease management, Mental health, Mood disorders, Perinatal care, Postpartum care, Prenatal care, Psychotropic drugs, Therapeutics, Therapy

Annotation: This online education course for health providers provides a standard approach to postpartum pre- and post-discharge education for all patients, regardless of risk factors. Course participants are educated about the United States maternal morbidity and mortality crisis, definitions, causes, and contributing factors. The course provides participants with strategies to educate patients and their families to recognize post-birth warning signs.

• Link

Keywords: Maternal mortality, Postpartum care, Prevention programs, Professional training

Annotation: The Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) Risk Assessment Table is designed to guide clinicians in assessing a patient's risk for postpartum hemorrhage at three critical time points: admission, pre-birth (approximately 30-60 minutes prior to giving birth), and upon admission to postpartum. Risk factors are categorized as low, medium, or high at each stage, with specific criteria listed for each category. The document provides guidance on adjusting a patient's risk level if they develop additional risk factors and outlines anticipatory interventions and blood bank orders appropriate for each risk category at the different assessment times. The table is intended to guide clinical decision-making in conjunction with clinical judgment and hospital policy.

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Keywords: Hemorrhage, Postpartum care, Resources for professionals, Risk assessment

Annotation: This clinical practice guideline provides information about the relationships between various care options and health outcomes in the management of pregnancy. Topics include approaches to care of pregnant women in the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense; recommendations, including for oral health care during pregnancy; routine pregnancy care; referral indications; emerging topics; and research priorities.

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Keywords: Health care, Oral health, Pregnant women, Referral, Research, Treatment outcomes

Annotation: This patient safety bundle provides actionable steps that can be adapted to a variety of health care facilities and resource levels to improve the quality of care and outcomes for patients with perinatal mental health conditions. It provides broad direction for incorporating perinatal mood and anxiety disorder screening, intervention, referral, and follow-up into maternity care practice across health care settings. Components include implementation details and resources, a data collection plan, an evidence-informed "change package," and learning modules.

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Keywords: Data collection, Evidence-based medicine, Health care quality indicators, Health metrics, Maternal morbidity, Maternal mortality, Measures, Mental health, Perinatal care, Postpartum care, Prevention, Protocols, Quality improvement, Resources for professionals, Safety

Annotation: The "Sepsis in Obstetric Care" patient safety bundle provides guidance for health care teams to develop coordinated, multidisciplinary care for pregnant and postpartum people by preventing infection and recognizing and treating infection early to prevent progression to sepsis. Included are actionable steps that can be adapted to a variety of facilities and resource levels to improve quality of care and outcomes for patients experiencing sepsis. The bundle is organized into five domains: Readiness, Recognition and Prevention, Response, Reporting and Systems Learning, and Respectful, Equitable, and Supportive Care. Individual components include implementation details and resources, a data collection plan, an evidence-informed "change package," and learning modules.

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Keywords: Data collection, Evidence-based medicine, Health care quality indicators, Health metrics, Maternal morbidity, Maternal mortality, Measures, Mental health, Obstetrical complications, Perinatal care, Postpartum care, Prevention, Protocols, Quality improvement, Resources for professionals, Safety

Annotation: This Clinical Practice Guideline includes recommendations on interventions to prevent primary headache in individuals who are pregnant or attempting to become pregnant, postpartum, or breastfeeding; evaluation for symptomatic patients presenting with primary and secondary headaches during pregnancy; and treatment options for primary and secondary headaches during pregnancy and lactation.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Headaches, Perinatal care, Postpartum care, Therapeutics, prenatal care

Annotation: This online reference presents an overview of the postpartum period, including important health considerations and common concerns such as incontinence, hemorrhoids, postpartum depression, and intimate partner violence. The reference outlines the recommended components of postpartum care, including the timing of postnatal visits, and discusses factors that influence the likelihood that new mothers will attend preventive checkups. Health issues that arise during pregnancy and the leading causes of maternal mortality are also addressed. The reference includes postpartum care recommendations released by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the importance of nursing, allied health, and interprofessional team strategies to improve postpartum health care and reduce rates of maternal morbidity and mortality. A list of references is included.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Maternal mortality, Postpartum care, Postpartum period, Prevention

Annotation: This is a consolidated guideline of new and existing recommendations on routine postnatal care for women and newborns receiving facility- or community-based postnatal care in any resource setting. It provides a comprehensive set of recommendations for care during the postnatal period, focusing on the essential package that all women and newborns should receive. This guideline updates and expands upon the 2014 WHO recommendations on postnatal care of the mother and newborn, and complements existing WHO guidelines on the management of postnatal complications. The recommendations are intended to inform the development of relevant national and subnational health policies, clinical protocols and programmatic guides.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Infant health, Maternal health, Newborns, Postnatal care, Postpartum care, World health

Annotation: The Postpartum Discharge Patient Safety Bundle was revised in 2021 to incorporate respectful concepts and data collection tools. The bundle provides actionable steps that can be adapted to a variety of facilities and resource levels to improve quality of care and outcomes during a critical period in which patients are at risk for maternal morbidity and mortality. It emphasizes the importance of establishing systems for scheduling timely postpartum visits, screening for risk factors, providing standardized discharge education about warning signs including mental health concerns, and ensuring patients receive a comprehensive discharge summary. It also highlights the importance of coordinated clinical pathways between inpatient and outpatient settings, trauma-informed care, and addressing biases that affect quality of care. Bundle components include implementation details and resources, a data collection plan, an evidence-informed "change package," and learning modules.

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Keywords: Data collection, Evidence-based medicine, Health care quality indicators, Health metrics, Maternal morbidity, Maternal mortality, Measures, Postpartum care, Prevention, Protocols, Quality improvement, Resources for professionals, Safety, Standards

Annotation: Abstract: In the weeks after childbirth, a woman navigates multiple challenges. She must recover from birth, learn to care for herself and her newborn, and cope with fatigue and postpartum mood changes as well as chronic health conditions. Alongside these common morbidities, the number of maternal deaths in the United States continues to increase, and unacceptable racial inequities persist. One third of pregnancy-related deaths occur between 1 week and 1 year after delivery, with a growing proportion of these deaths due to cardiovascular disease; one fifth occur between 7 and 42 days postpartum. In addition, pregnancy-associated deaths due to self-harm or substance misuse are increasing at an alarming rate. Rising maternal mortality and morbidity rates, coupled with significant disparities in outcomes, highlight the need for tailored interventions to improve safety and well-being of families during the fourth trimester of pregnancy, which includes the period from birth to the comprehensive postpartum visit. Targeted support for growing families during this transition can improve health and well-being across generations.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Interventions, Maternal morbidity, Maternal mortality, Postpartum care, Prevention

Annotation: This Postpartum in Practice tool for clinicians, program directors, and health care teams offers resources and supports to improve the way postpartum care is provided to all women. Specific resources available on the page include the Postpartum in Practice Bulletin and Postpartum Billing and Coding Information. These documents are available in a printable/booklet/flyer format. The site also provides access to Postpartum Toolkit materials that are available for free printing and shipping.

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Keywords: , Clinical coding, Contraception, Mental health, Postpartum care, Resources for professionals, Screening, Substance use

Annotation: This committee opinion provides recommendations to help pregnant women eliminate or reduce the use of tobacco and nicotine products that can be harmful to their unborn child. It describes the various methods of nicotine intake and discusses effective screening methods and evidence-based interventions that obstetricians-gynecologists can apply in their practice. This opinion was reaffirmed in 2023.

• PDF
• Shows Reaffirm Date

Keywords: Nicotine, Pregnant women, Prevention programs, Smoking cessation, Smoking during pregnancy, Tobacco

Annotation: This guide provides a framework for integrating severe maternal morbidity (SMM) case review into hospital quality improvement committees. It describes essential components of implementing SMM reviews, including selecting partner facilities, identifying case abstractors, establishing data collection tools, and conducting committee reviews. The document outlines the step-by-step process from case identification through committee decisions and includes information on preventability determinations and addressing social determinants of health. Based on a pilot project conducted with three New York City hospitals between 2017-2020, the guide presents key findings that hemorrhage was the most common cause of SMM and that one-third of reviewed cases had some chance of severity reduction. The guide offers valuable lessons learned, cost considerations, and practical recommendations for hospitals and health departments implementing SMM review programs to improve maternal health outcomes and reduce racial disparities.

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Keywords: Case assessment, Data collection, Maternal morbidity, Prevention, Quality improvement

Annotation: This educational resource is designed to assist clinicians in providing preventive health services for well women. Included are standards of care and screening recommendations to assess general physical and mental health and to detect infectious disease, cancer, or health issues that may arise during pregnancy and postpartum. The rationale for different types of screenings, specific recommendations on ages and frequency of screening, clinical guidance for practitioners, and references are provided for each of the preventive care services.

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• Spanish

Keywords: Disease prevention, Health screening, Preventive health services, Standards, Women's health

Annotation: This guideline is intended as a general educational resource for hospitals and clinicians. It addresses the management of hypertension in pregnancy, including definitions and protocols for Gestational hypertension, Preeclampsia (with and without severe features), Chronic hypertension, Superimposed preeclampsia, Eclampsia, and HELLP syndrome. The resource outlines standardized policy and procedure recommendations for delivery units, including training for staff to recognize signs of patient deterioration. Major topics covered include the recommended prevention of preeclampsia using low-dose aspirin for women with high-risk factors, the initial assessment and surveillance of hypertension in pregnant women, and the inpatient management of severe hypertension using medications like IV labetalol, IV hydralazine, and oral short-acting nifedipine, as well as the use of Magnesium Sulfate for seizure prophylaxis. The guideline also details delivery timing and the postpartum management of hypertensive disorders, including required blood pressure monitoring for 72 hours after delivery and at 7-10 days postpartum, and when to initiate antihypertensive therapy. It includes discharge instructions for patients regarding their medications, follow-up, blood pressure monitoring, and symptoms requiring a

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Keywords: Guidelines, Hypertension, Postpartum care, Prenatal care, Resources for professionals

Annotation: This Committee Opinion from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) provides comprehensive clinical guidance on optimizing postpartum care delivery. It outlines a new paradigm that reimagines postpartum care as an ongoing process rather than a single encounter, recommending initial contact within 3 weeks after birth followed by a comprehensive visit by 12 weeks postpartum. The document details essential components of postpartum care including physical recovery, emotional wellbeing, infant care, contraception, and chronic disease management, while emphasizing the importance of tailoring care to each woman's needs and circumstances to improve maternal health outcomes and reduce disparities.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Postpartum care, Resources for professionals

Annotation: This guide provides guidance for the optimal management of pregnant and parenting women with opioid use disorder (OUD) and their infants, based on recommendations of experts as of 2017. The guide is designed to help health professionals and women determine the most clinically appropriate action for a particular circumstance. In addition to offering background information, the guide includes fact sheets divided into the following sections: prenatal care, infant care, and maternal postnatal care. Each fact sheet includes a clinical scenario, clinical action steps, supporting evidence and clinical considerations, and links to and descriptions of online resources on the topic.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Narcotics, Parents, Perinatal addiction, Pregnant women, Prenatal addiction, Substance dependence, Substance use disorders, Treatment

Annotation: This guide for personnel involved in the care of pregnant women, their fetuses, and their neonates in community programs, hospitals, and medical centers provides information on obstetric and neonatal care. Topics include the organization of perinatal health care, inpatient perinatal care services, quality improvement and patient safety, maternal and neonatal interhospital transfer, preconception and antepartum care, intrapartum and postpartum care, obstetric and medical complications, care of the newborn, neonatal complications and management of high-risk infants, perinatal infections, and infection control. The guide is a companion document to Guidelines for Women's Health Care.

Keywords: Guidelines, Guidelines, Infant health, Infection control, Maternal health, Newborn infants, Patient care management, Perinatal care, Postpartum care, Prenatal care, Program improvement, Quality assurance, Resources for professionals, Safety

Annotation: This manual for obstetricians, gynecologists, and others provides a digest of clinical information on the delivery of women's health care. Topics include governance and administration, organization of services, well-woman care, and gynecologic care. A topic-specific resource list is included at the end of each section. The manual is a companion volume to Guidelines for Perinatal Care.

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Keywords: Guidelines, Gynecology, Life course, Maternal health, Patient care management, Resources for professionals, Standards, Women's health

Annotation: This guidance resource provides health care organizations and clinicians with strategies for integrating doula care into clinical care settings to improve maternal and infant health outcomes. The resource addresses Missouri's rising maternal morbidity and mortality rates by outlining how doulas can bridge workforce gaps and provide continuous labor support that research shows reduces cesarean births, improves birth experiences, and decreases perinatal mood and anxiety disorders. The guidance covers doula role definitions, training and certification pathways, reimbursement models including Missouri's new Medicaid coverage, and specific recommendations for creating collaborative birth team environments. The document includes sections on supporting specific populations such as young mothers and those from diverse cultural backgrounds, practical implementation strategies including orientation plans and communication pathways, and evidence-based benefits of doula care including reduced medical interventions and improved patient satisfaction.

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Keywords: Doulas, Maternal health, Missouri, Resources for professionals, Service integration, State MCH programs

Annotation: This toolkit provides resources for implementing respectful maternity care (RMC) practices to reduce disparities in maternal health outcomes. It features a 10-Step "C.A.R.E. P.A.A.T.T.H." approach emphasizing fundamental rights of women, newborns, and families while promoting equitable access to evidence-based care. Developed by AWHONN (Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses), the toolkit addresses how provider attitudes and implicit biases may affect care quality, particularly during intrapartum and postpartum periods. Resources include clinical practice guidelines, a role-playing video demonstration, patient-facing materials in multiple languages, and implementation tools available at different price points for members and non-members.

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Keywords: Health care disparities, Implicit bias, Maternal health, Physician patient relations, Prevention, Quality improvement, Resources for professionals

Annotation: This patient educational content from the Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) is designed to help pregnant women and their babies get the best care possible when a pregnancy is deemed high-risk. The resource addresses a wide variety of high-risk pregnancy and postpartum topics, defining a high-risk pregnancy as one that requires special care due to a maternal health problem, a problem with the pregnancy, or a fetal birth defect or complication. The content reflects current, published SMFM practice guidelines and is based on the Society’s official guidelines. Major topics include a Vaccine Guide for Pregnancy (covering vaccines like COVID-19, Tdap, Flu, and RSV), birth control options, and support groups. Specific educational topics, available as downloadable fact sheets, cover conditions such as Preeclampsia, Lupus and Pregnancy, Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR), Heart Failure and Pregnancy, Preterm Birth, and warning signs of postpartum complications. The resource also includes videos and is available in Spanish

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Keywords: Guidelines, High risk pregnancy, Patient education , Postpartum care, Pregnancy complications