Annotation: This fact sheet for the public defines dental sealants and provides information on effectiveness, application, longevity, target populations, and insurance. A related fact sheet provides information for parents and other caregivers on how oral health professionals determine whether or not a child is a candidate for dental sealants.

Contact: Academy of General Dentistry, 211 East Chicago Avenue, Suite 900, Chicago, IL 60611-1999, Telephone: (888) 243-3368 Fax: (312) 440-0559 Web Site: http://www.agd.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

• Link

Keywords: Children, Consumer education materials, Cost effectiveness, Dental caries, Dental sealants, Disease prevention, Health insurance, Oral health, Treatment effectiveness

Annotation: This report outlines the results of a healthcare quality workshop of the Institute of Medicine's Committee on Identifying Priority Areas for Quality Improvement, held in Washington, DC on May 9-10, 2002. The executive summary includes a description of the study purpose and scope, guiding principles, criteria for determining priority areas, the process for identifying priority areas, and next steps. The sections outline the study approach, how the list of priority areas might be used, the impact of the health care quality problem, cost-effectiveness analysis, three types of priority areas, and detailed descriptions of several areas. The appendices provide information on Committee members, the Quality Improvement Workshop agenda, and priority setting models. Each section concludes with a list of references.

Contact: National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, N.W., Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20055, Telephone: (202) 334-3313 Secondary Telephone: (888) 624-8373 Fax: (202) 334-2451 E-mail: bkline@nap.edu Web Site: http://www.nap.edu $32.00, plus shipping and handling. Document Number: ISBN 0-309-08543-8.

Keywords: Conferences, Health care delivery, Health care reform, Health care systems, Quality assurance, Service delivery systems

Annotation: This brief examines premium assistance programs implemented under section 1115 waivers in five states (Illinois, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, and Utah) to determine how they are financed; their eligibility, benefits, and cost-sharing requirements; their methods for determining cost-effectiveness, and cost savings. (Premium assistance programs use federal and state Medicaid and/or State Children's Health Insurance Program funds to subsidize the purchase of private health insurance and may also use employer or enrollee contributions to help pay premium costs.) The brief, which includes an executive summary, provides background, discusses findings, and provides a discussion. Statistical information is presented in tables throughout the brief. The brief includes a list of sources.

Contact: Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured, 1330 G Street, N.W., Suite 250, Washington, DC 20005, Telephone: (202) 347-5270 Fax: (202) 347-5274 E-mail: kcmu@kff.org Web Site: http://www.kff.org/ Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Cost sharing, Eligibility, Financing, Health insurance, Illinois, Low income groups, Medicaid, New Jersey, Oregon, Rhode Island, State Children's Health Insurance Program, Utah, Waivers

Annotation: This brief summarizes effective and efficient interventions provided by state maternal and child health (MCH) programs to improve the lives of mothers, children, and families, and that merit increased national investment. Topics include the Title V MCH Block Grant program; improving birth outcomes and maternal health; breastfeeding promotion; smoking cessation for pregnant women and mothers; newborn screening; ensuring childhood immunizations; Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment (EPSDT) for all children; early childhood programs; children's access to a medical home; preventing childhood injury; promoting adolescent health; adolescent pregnancy prevention and family planning services; and screening and treatment of sexually transmitted infections.

Contact: Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs, 2030 M Street, N.W., Suite 350, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 775-0436 Fax: (202) 775-0061 Web Site: http://www.amchp.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Adolescent health, Breastfeeding promotion, Child health, Cost effectiveness, EPSDT, Families, Immunization, Injury prevention, Maternal health, Medical home, Neonatal screening, Pregnancy outcome, Pregnant women, Prevention services, Preventive health services, Sexually transmitted diseases, Smoking cessation, Smoking during pregnancy

Annotation: This report, made available for public comment, describes an analysis of the scientific literature on the effectiveness of newborn screening and gathers expert opinion to delineate the best evidence for screening specified conditions and develop recommendations focused on newborn screening, including the development of a uniform condition panel. The report is divided into several sections: the introduction; developing a uniform screening panel; and the newborn screening system: program evaluation, cost-effectiveness, information needs, and future needs. Report contents begin with a methods section providing the broad context for the newborn screening system and the overarching principles for developing newborn screening guidelines. Criteria used in the analyses of condition under consideration for newborn screening programs are described. Following is a description of the development and use of data collection tools to collect data that would complement evidence gathers from a review of the scientific literature, and also a description of the process for obtaining additional expert information and opinion. The results of these analyses are provided as well as recommendations for moving forward. References conclude the report. Statistical data are provided in figures throughout the report. Appendices include samples of (1) newborn screening fact sheet validation and fact sheets; (2) condition evaluation tool; (3) condition ACT(ion) sheets; (4) program standards; and (5) HIPPA guidance for public health programs. One box provides information about the Wilson-Junger criteria for appraising the validity of a screening program. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: U.S. Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Parklawn Building, Room 18-05, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, Telephone: (301) 443-2170 Secondary Telephone: (800) 311-2229= (800) 311-BABY Fax: (301) 443-1797 E-mail: ctibbs@hrsa.gov Web Site: http://www.mchb.hrsa.gov Available at no charge from the Web site.

• Full Report
• Executive Summary

Keywords: Federal MCH programs, Genetic screening, MCH research, Neonatal screening, Newborn infants, Standards, State programs

Annotation: This booklet contains answers to frequently asked questions about community water fluoridation. Information based on scientific research is presented in question-and-answer format for the effectiveness, safety, practice, and cost-effectiveness of fluoridation. Additionally, the booklet contains a compendium of national and international organizations.

Contact: American Dental Association, Catalog Sales, P.O. Box 776, St. Charles, IL 60174, Telephone: (800) 947-4746 Fax: (888) 476-1880, must include credit card number E-mail: catalog@ada.org Web Site: http://www.ada.org $11.95 members; $17.95 nonmembers; also available at no charge from the Web site. Document Number: J120.

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Keywords: Consumer education materials, Dental caries, Disease prevention, Fluoride, Oral health, Public awareness campaigns

Annotation: This brochure, developed for the general public, explains the benefits of community water fluoridation. Contents include statements from the American Dental Association, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the U.S. Surgeon General; information on the safety, benefits, and cost-effectiveness of community water fluoridation; and key points. It is available in both English and Spanish.

Contact: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Oral Health, 4770 Buford Highway, N.E., Mailstop F-10, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, Telephone: (770) 488-6054 E-mail: oralhealth@cdc.gov Web Site: http://www.cdc.gov/OralHealth Available at no charge from the Web site.

• English
• Spanish

Keywords: Community participation, Consumer education materials, Cost effectiveness, Fluoride, Oral health, Spanish language materials, Water

Annotation: This brief discusses the importance of preventive oral health services to overall systemic health and how dental hygienists can play a role in bringing these services to a wider population. Topics include the cost-effectiveness of preventive measures, the use of dental sealants and fluorides, barriers to receiving oral health care, issues in self-regulation of oral health personnel, a review of staffing shortages and on-the-job training, and issues in access to care. Additional information is provided on dental hygiene statistics and the systemic disease connection.

Contact: American Dental Hygienists' Association, 444 North Michigan Avenue, Suite 3400, Chicago, IL 60611, Telephone: (312) 440-8900 Secondary Telephone: (312) 440-8913 Fax: (312) 467-1806 E-mail: exec.office@adha.net Web Site: http://www.adha.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Barriers, Dental hygienists, Oral health, Personnel, Prevention services, Trends

Annotation: This set of documents for the Washington State Legislature describes findings of a study of the cost effectiveness of prevention and early intervention programs for youth, focusing on outcomes related to crime, substance abuse, educational outcomes, adolescent pregnancy, adolescent suicide attempts, child abuse and neglect, and domestic violence. The first document outlines the summary of findings, reviews legislative directions, discusses the study methods and limitations, and describes study results on (1) estimates of benefits and costs, and (2) state-local funding and quality control. The report provides statistics summarizing the benefits and costs for specific programs and gives brief descriptions of the programs reviewed for this report. The technical appendix describes the sources, assumptions, computational methods, and estimates used in the analysis through extensive statistical graphs and charts. The third volume provides extensive references.

Contact: Washington State Institute for Public Policy, 110 Fifth Avenue, Southeast, Suite 214, P.O. Box 40999, Olympia, WA 98504, Telephone: (360) 586-2677 Fax: (360) 586-2793 Web Site: http://www.wsipp.wa.gov Available at no charge; also available at no charge from the Web site.

• Link

Keywords: Adolescents, Children, Community programs, Comparative analysis, Cost effectiveness, Early intervention services, Policy analysis, Prevention programs, Program evaluation, Public policy, Statistical data, Surveys, Washington

Annotation: This publication provides an overview of community water fluoridation, including a review of the scientific evidence and program cost-effectiveness, a discussion of national recommendations, and examples of how several state public health agencies are striving to ensure optimal community water fluoridation coverage. [Funded in part by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors, 1838 Fieldcrest Drive, Sparks, NV 89434, Telephone: (775) 626-5008 Fax: (775) 626-9268 E-mail: cwood@astdd.org Web Site: http://www.astdd.org

Keywords: Case studies, Community agencies, Fluorides, Illinois, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Oral health, Public health

Annotation: This brief provides questions and responses to present the best available evidence to help professionals design and evaluate community-based programs that use fluoride varnish. Topics include a definition of fluoride varnish, how fluoride prevents tooth decay, advantages of fluoride varnish over other professionally applied fluorides, how dental caries in primary and permanent teeth can be prevented, how often fluoride varnish should be applied, Food and Drug Administration approval, fluoride varnish safety, whether fluoride varnish contributes to fluorosis, and what could improve the cost-effectiveness of community-based programs. Appendices include a chart outlining fluoride varnish products and a summary of evidence-based clinical recommendations.

Contact: Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors, 1838 Fieldcrest Drive, Sparks, NV 89434, Telephone: (775) 626-5008 Fax: (775) 626-9268 E-mail: cwood@astdd.org Web Site: http://www.astdd.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Child health, Dental care, Dental caries, Disease prevention, Fluoride, Oral health, Resources for professionals

Annotation: This Web page is a resource for maternal and child health (MCH) and other public health advocates exploring cost-based or economic-based analyses of programs and policies. The Web page includes: (1) a glossary of cost-analysis related terms and descriptions of major types of cost analyses, (2) an annotated bibliography of peer-reviewed studies estimating costs and/or cost-savings associated with MCH morbidities and interventions, (3) a sampling of national and state data sources that could be used for population-based cost analyses, (4) examples from states that have conducted cost analyses of programs, and (5) links to resources on cost analysis.

Contact: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, 2231 Crystal Drive, Suite 450, Arlington, VA 22202, Telephone: (202) 371-9090 Fax: (571) 527-3189 Web Site: http://www.astho.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

Keywords: Advocacy, Case studies, Child health, Costs, Economic factors, Maternal health, Model programs, Program evaluation

Annotation: This report provides new estimates of the job creation and earning creation effects of three early child development programs: the Abecedarian Program, the Nurse-Family Partnership Program, and the Parch-Child Home Program. Contents include a summary of individual program effects on state economic development; a review of national economic development benefits; program interaction benefits; measuring economic development benefits; program descriptions, estimates, and results; implication of accuracy issues for research and program implementation; and conclusions. The appendices provide information on methodologies for estimating the effects of (1) business subsides, (2) universal preschool, and (3) the methodology and additional results for the new program simulations completed for this paper; alternative assumptions about discount rates, and differences in assumptions between papers. Reference are provided and figures and tables provide additional data.

Contact: Partnership for America's Economic Success, 1025 F Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20004, Telephone: (202) 552-2000 E-mail: info@partnershipforsuccess.org Web Site: http://www.PartnershipforSuccess.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Economics, Program descriptions, Program evaluation, Social programs, Socioeconomic factors, Statistical data, Young children

Annotation: This brief summarizes the health services research evidence on the benefits and cost-effectiveness of preventive health services and points out significant new opportunities under health reform to improve access to preventive care. Topics include differences in net health benefits, variations in cost-effectiveness, the dependency of preventive service use on coverage and cost sharing, evidence, and state and local leadership.

Contact: Mathematica Policy Research, P.O. Box 2393, Princeton, NJ 08543-2393, Telephone: (609) 799-3535 Fax: (609) 799-0005 E-mail: info@mathematica-mpr.com Web Site: http://www.mathematica-mpr.com Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Cost effectiveness, Health care reform, Health insurance, Health services, Leadership, Preventive health care, Research

Annotation: This toolkit outlines employers' unique opportunity to improve the health of women and children through health benefit design, beneficiary education and engagement, and health-promotion programs. The toolkit is divided into seven sections. Topics include recommendations on evidence-informed, comprehensive health benefits to support child, adolescent, and pregnancy health (including oral health); cost-impact assessments of recommended benefit changes; data on the cost of maternal and child health (MCH) care services; the business case for investing in child and adolescent health, healthy pregnancies, and primary care services for all beneficiaries; tools employers can use to develop an MCH strategy, communicate the value of their MCH benefits, and link MCH outcomes to organizational performance; strategies employers can use to effectively communicate with beneficiaries and to tailor existing health programs and policies to the unique needs of children, adolescents, and pregnant women; and health-education information specifically developed for beneficiaries.

Contact: National Business Group on Health, 50 F Street, N.W., Suite 600, Washington, DC 20001, Telephone: (202) 628-9320 Fax: (202) 628-9244 E-mail: info@businessgrouphealth.org Web Site: http://www.businessgrouphealth.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

• Full Report
• Web Site

Keywords: Child health, Employee benefits, Health education, Health insurance, Health promotion, Personnel, Pregnancy, Prevention, Women's health, Workplace health promotion, cost effectiveness

Annotation: This document summarizes the proceedings of a meeting of cost analysis experts held August 1-2, 2000, convened on behalf of the Casey Family Programs (CFP) and the Office of Early Childhood, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). The purpose of the meeting was to address the potential for cost-benefit and related analyses of subsequent demonstration studies of the Starting Early Starting Smart (SESS) program, a public/private initiative for integrated behavioral health services for children ages 0 to 7 and their families. Report sections include potential program benefits, program costs, other issues for future planning and evaluation, methodological considerations for future analysis, and next steps. The appendices include the meeting agenda, a list of participants, biographical sketches of Rand staff and expert panel members, a description of SESM grant sites in primary care and early childhood, and background reading materials. Two exhibits provide further detail of the SESS sites and grantees.

Contact: Rand Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-3208, Telephone: (310) 393-0411 Fax: 310-393-4818 E-mail: correspondence@rand.org Web Site: http://www.rand.org $9.00, plus shipping and handling. Document Number: ISBN 0-8330-3032-9.

Keywords: Case studies, Child mental health, Conferences, Cost effectiveness, Mental health services, Primary care, Program evaluation, Public private partnerships

Annotation: This brief provides guidance for evaluating the benefits of investing in care coordination as an integral component of comprehensive, quality care provided within the medical home model for children and youth with special health care needs. The brief looks at the national context for care coordination within the medical home and the practical need to demonstrate the outcomes, particularly the cost effectiveness, of specific care coordination programs. The report then identifies and responds to questions that often arise when designing such an evaluation. The report concludes with a questionnaire to assist readers in addressing these questions within their own states or organizations. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: Catalyst Center, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02218-2526, Telephone: (617) 639-1930 E-mail: mcomeau@bu.edu Web Site: http://catalystctr.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

• PDF

Keywords: Adolescents with special health care needs, Children with special health care needs, Cost effectiveness, Evaluation, Medical home, Program coordination, Service coordination

Annotation: This brief provides highlights of basic issues that permeate public policy discussions of pre-kindergarten programs. The brief also includes references to detailed guides and reports that provide more in-depth information on these topics. The brief provides background information about children and preschool programs and discusses public policy for early education, data relevant to the cost-benefit debate, and three sets of overlapping issues: (1) benefits vs. costs, (2) public financing of pre-kindergarten programs, and (3) universal preschool. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: Center for Mental Health in Schools, UCLA School Mental Health Project, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, Telephone: (310) 825-3634 Secondary Telephone: (866) 846-4843 Fax: (310) 206-8716 E-mail: smhp@ucla.edu Web Site: http://smhp.psych.ucla.edu Available at no charge from the Web site.

• PDF

Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Costs, Early childhood education, Financing, Preschool children, Public policy, Young children

Annotation: This report, which is geared toward policymakers, provides a framework for evaluating the cost-effectiveness literature and investigates the economic evidence for investing in preventive care. The report addresses the following questions: (1) what concepts are important to consider in evaluating cost-effectiveness studies?, (2) What information is available on the cost of preventive care?, (3) What are the strengths and limitations of the information?, (4) Which preventive measures save money or deliver good value?, and( 5) How could cost-effectiveness reviews be improved? Findings, implications for policymakers, and key questions about cost-effectiveness analyses are included. A companion brief is also available, along with additional materials posted on the Web site..

Contact: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Route One and College Road, East, P.O. Box 2316, Princeton, NJ 08543, Telephone: (888) 631-9989 Secondary Telephone: (877) 843-7953 Web Site: http://www.rwjf.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

• Full Report

Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Costs, Health, Prevention, Public policy, Research

Annotation: These proceedings present information from a conference held to better understand how managed care is affecting clinical genetic services and the role(s) of clinical geneticists in the United States. The purpose of the conference and these proceedings is to identify and explore issues regarding the integration of clinical genetic services into managed care. The conference was arranged to present a broad overview of issues in genetic services and managed care including affordability, availability, accessibility, quality (standards or guidelines for care), awareness, sources of funding, cost effectiveness and benefit, and patient and provider satisfaction. Innovative approaches in managed care organizations are also presented. The proceedings also discuss the status of clinical genetic services in managed care organizations from the perspective of the regional genetic networks, Alliance of Genetic Support Groups, and sickle cell organizations, all of which are member organizations of the Council of Regional Networks.

Contact: HRSA Information Center, P.O. Box 2910, Merrifield, VA 22116, Telephone: (888) 275-4772 Secondary Telephone: (877) 489-4772 Fax: (703) 821-2098 E-mail: ask@hrsa.gov Web Site: http://www.ask.hrsa.gov Available at no charge. Document Number: HRSA Info. Ctr. MCHK137.

Keywords: Conferences, Councils, Genetic services, Managed care

Annotation: This issue paper examines two programs for which long-term, randomized control experimental evaluations have shown notable, statistically significant, effects on ultimate educational attainment and these large-scale programs could be expected to recover a substantial fraction of their costs within 75 years. Programs examined include the Abecedarian Project and the Mother-Child Home Program. Contents of the paper include program costs and impacts, the model in words, assumptions and results and conclusions. The appendix provides information on the mathematical specification of the model, including the production functions, population, capital accumulation, and fiscal effects. References conclude the paper

Contact: Partnership for America's Economic Success, 1025 F Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20004, Telephone: (202) 552-2000 E-mail: info@partnershipforsuccess.org Web Site: http://www.PartnershipforSuccess.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

• PDF

Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Economics, Program descriptions, Program evaluations, Social programs, Socioeconomic factors, Statistical data, Young children

Annotation: This issue brief summarizes information presented at a Web-based seminar sponsored by the U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality held May 18, 2004. It explains cost-effectiveness analysis, outlines its usefulness to employers, demonstrates how cost-effectiveness relates to corporate strategy, and gives examples of its applications in health benefits decisions. Statistical data are offered throughout the brief and a glossary of terms and a bibliography of additional cost-effectiveness resources are listed at the end of the brief.

Contact: National Business Group on Health, 50 F Street, N.W., Suite 600, Washington, DC 20001, Telephone: (202) 628-9320 Fax: (202) 628-9244 E-mail: info@businessgrouphealth.org Web Site: http://www.businessgrouphealth.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

• PDF

Keywords: Business, Cost effectiveness, Employee assistance programs, Employee benefits, Fiscal management, Health care costs, Health care financing, Health insurance

Annotation: This policy brief examines the issue of emergency rooms being used as a primary source of oral health care for children from families with low incomes, who access such care only when oral problems have become severe. The policy brief states that emergency rooms typically are not equipped to provide complete or cost-effective oral health care, and that Medicaid and the State Children's Health Insurance Program (CHIP) offer opportunities to reach children from families with low incomes by providing accessible, cost-effective, preventive oral health care. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: National Maternal and Child Oral Health Resource Center, Georgetown University, Box 571272, Washington, DC 20057-1272, Telephone: (202) 784-9771 Fax: (202) 784-9777 E-mail: OHRCinfo@georgetown.edu Web Site: http://www.mchoralhealth.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Dental care, Medicaid, Oral health, Public policy, Tooth diseases

Annotation: This document, prepared for the Colorado Department of Health Care Policy and Financing, proposes changes in the Medicaid and State Children’s Health Insurance Programs that: (1) respond to the oral health needs of low- and modest-income children, (2) comport with authoritative professional recommendations, and (3) align with all current requirements for Early and Periodic Screening, Diagnostic and Testing (EPSDT) program oral health services. It describes how pediatric oral conditions (especially caries) shape program requirements, how past performance and lessons learned from state programs point the way toward useful reforms, what professional guidelines are available, and how earlier proposals to reform Medicaid inform current efforts. Six appendices describe a model tiered pediatric benefit structure consistent with EPSDT requirements; background information on the Medicaid and EPSDT dental program; a model Medicaid benefit design from the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Guide to Children’s Dental Care in Medicaid; increasing access through public-private partnerships; state options in contracting dental care in Medicaid; and cost-effectiveness of preventive dental services for children.

Contact: Children's Dental Health Project, 1020 19th Street, N.W., Suite 400, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 833-8288 Fax: (202) 318-0667 E-mail: cdhpinfo@cdhp.org Web Site: http://www.cdhp.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Dental caries, EPSDT, Health care financing, Health insurance, Low income groups, Medicaid, Oral health, State Children's Health Insurance Program, Uninsured persons

Annotation: The goal of this continuing education intervention is to provide public health nutrition personnel the tools to master the fundamentals of performing cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). This manual was designed to complement The Practitioner's Guide to Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Nutrition Interventions and to be used in local workshops. The manual features the "enlightened apple" to help stimulate questions and facilitate discussion. The "enlightened apple" asks questions and offers possible routes to complete each step of a CEA. A scenario is included for decreasing low birth weight among African American women with short inter-conception periods. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health, Georgetown University, Box 571272, Washington, DC 20057-1272, Telephone: (202) 784-9770 Fax: (202) 784-9777 E-mail: mchgroup@georgetown.edu Web Site: http://www.mchlibrary.org Available for loan.

Keywords: Blacks, Continuing education, Cost effectiveness, Low birthweight, Manuals, Nutrition education, Program evaluation, Public health nutritionists

Annotation: This manual was designed to provide assistance and support for the local workshop facilitator during preparation, implementation, and evaluation of a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) workshop for public health nutrition practitioners. The manual was designed to be used with the participant's manual. Directions for how to prepare and plan for the workshop are included in this manual, but the authors recommend that the participant's manual also be reviewed as part of that process. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health, Georgetown University, Box 571272, Washington, DC 20057-1272, Telephone: (202) 784-9770 Fax: (202) 784-9777 E-mail: mchgroup@georgetown.edu Web Site: http://www.mchlibrary.org Available for loan.

Keywords: Continuing education, Cost effectiveness, Manuals, Nutrition education, Program evaluation, Public health nutritionists

Annotation: This issue brief provides an analysis of current state medical necessity standards affecting children and the extent to which these standards have changed in the five year period from 1995 to 1999. The analysis addresses medical necessity criteria pertaining to the scope of health problems covered, evidence of effectiveness requirements, and cost requirements. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: Maternal and Child Health Policy Research Center, 750 17th Street, N.W., Suite 1100, Washington, DC 20006-4607, Telephone: (202) 223-1500 Contact Phone: (202) 223-1500 Fax: (202) 496-9067 E-mail: mmcmanus@mchpolicy.org Contact E-mail: slimb@foxhealth.com Web Site: http://www.mchpolicy.org/ Price unknown.

Keywords: Child health, Comparative analysis, Cost effectiveness, Medicaid managed care, Medical necessity, Standards, State health insurance programs

Annotation: This literature review focuses on the cost-effectiveness of case management and home visiting for promoting well child care services to high-risk pregnant women and infants. The review provides background, offers a review of evaluation of case management and home visiting interventions for pregnant women and infants, and includes a discussion. References are provided separately for the background section and the literature review section. One appendix, which is in tabular form, lists the studies reviewed. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: Maternal and Child Health Information Resource Center, Health Systems Research, 1200 18th Street, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 842-2000 Fax: (202) 728-9469 E-mail: mchirc@hsrnet.com Web Site: http://www.mchb.hrsa.gov/mchirc Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Intervention, Case management, Cost effectiveness, Evaluation, High risk infants, High risk mothers, Home visiting, Infant health, Literature reviews, Pregnancy, Well child care, Women's health

Annotation: The purpose of this review is to illustrate the spectrum of studies and methodologies that can be used to inform decisions faced by maternal and child health policymakers. The review focuses on early initiation of prenatal care, smoking cessation during pregnancy, and increasing childhood immunization. For each topic, the following information is provided: types of cost studies reviewed, review of methodologies, summary of study findings, and gaps in the literature. The review also includes a conclusion. Statistical information is presented in tables throughout the review. Two appendices include summaries of the reviewed studies and the literature review methodology. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: Maternal and Child Health Information Resource Center, Health Systems Research, 1200 18th Street, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 842-2000 Fax: (202) 728-9469 E-mail: mchirc@hsrnet.com Web Site: http://www.mchb.hrsa.gov/mchirc

Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Immunization, Literature reviews, MCH research, Prenatal care, Public policy, Smoking cessation, Smoking during pregnancy

Annotation: This report is a summary of the findings and recommendations of the Georgia Department of Human Resources Steering Committee on Teen Pregnancy Prevention. The report provides a plan of action to reduce adolescent pregnancy and the risk behaviors associated with it. The first section defines the scope of the problem in Georgia with a detailed look at current data. The second section examines the cost consequences of adolescent pregnancy and childbearing and how investment in prevention could result in savings in public expenditures for health care and social supports for this population. The final section is the set of recommendations for action.

Keywords: Adolescent pregnancy, Georgia, Prevention programs, Reports

Annotation: This final report describes a national program to promote fair, timely, and cost-effective methods of preventing and resolving conflicts in obtaining needed health care services between children with special health care needs (CSHCN) and their families, service providers, and managed care organizations. The project is designed to help CSHCN obtain services that are community-based, comprehensive, coordinated, family-centered, and culturally competent. The report sections include the purpose of the project, goals and objectives, methodology, evaluation, results and outcomes, publications and products, dissemination and utilization, future plans and follow-up, and type and amount of support and resources needed to replicate the project. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: National Health Law and Policy Resource Center, University of Iowa, 290 Boyd Law Building, Melrose and Byington Streets, Iowa City, IA 52242-1113, Telephone: (319) 335-9067 Secondary Telephone: (319) 335-9073 Fax: (319) 335-9098 E-mail: josephine-gittler@uiowa.edu Web Site: http://www.law.uiowa.edu/research/nhlpr.php

Keywords: Children with special health care needs, Community based services, Cultural competence, Cultural sensitivity, Dispute resolution, Families, Family centered services, Final reports, Health personnel, MCH research, Managed care, Mediation, Service integration

Annotation: This brief provides an overview and analysis about the important role that Medicaid plays in financing family planning services to low-income women across the nation. The brief reviews the extent to which women of reproductive age rely on Medicaid for their care; the special status that family planning has long had under Medicaid; the range of services covered under the term family planning; the 21 state-initiated Medicaid family planning expansions to provide increased eligibility; and the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of subsidized family planning in reducing unintended pregnancies and births, as well as abortions, especially among adolescents and unmarried women. Statistical information is presented in figures throughout the brief. The brief also includes a list of references.

Contact: Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2400 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, Telephone: (650) 854-9400 Fax: (650) 854-4800 E-mail: webmaster@kff.org Web Site: http://www.kff.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, California, Case studies, Family planning, Government financing, Health care financing, Low income groups, Medicaid, Women, Women's health

Annotation: This issue brief reviews the role of Medicaid in financing and promoting access to family planning services for women with low incomes. Specifically, it examines the extent to which women of reproductive age rely on Medicaid for their care and the special status and range of services covered under the rubric of familly planning; reviews the different approaches and the cost-effectiveness of the 26 state-initiated Medicaid family planning expansions as well as their impact in reducing unintended pregnancies and births, as well as reducing abortions; and highlights recent changes in Medicaid policy, particularly passage of the federal Deficit Reduction Act of 2005 and their potential effects on provision of family planning services. Statistical information is presented in figures and tables throughout the brief. References are included.

Contact: Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2400 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, Telephone: (650) 854-9400 Fax: (650) 854-4800 E-mail: webmaster@kff.org Web Site: http://www.kff.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Abortion, Access to health care, Costs, Costs, Family planning, Financing, Health care services, Low income groups, Low income groups, Medicaid, State programs, Unplanned pregnancy, Women's health

Annotation: This report reviews the evidence base for the impact of cultural and linguistic competence in health and mental health care on health outcomes and well-being and the costs and benefits to the system. Topics include the level of evidence for cultural and linguistic competence research, summaries of the research trends, suggests future directions in research, as well as a discussion of system costs and and the business case for cultural and linguistic competence. The appendix includes information on the report methodology, the overall state of the evidence for health outcomes and well-being, and evidence from experimental design studies. Notes conclude the report.

Contact: Commonwealth Fund, One East 75th Street, New York, NY 10021, Telephone: (212) 606-3800 Fax: (212) 606-3500 E-mail: info@cmwf.org Web Site: http://www.commonwealthfund.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Cultural competence, Culturally competent services, Health care delivery, Mental health services, Research

Annotation: This brief, which is geared toward policymakers, discusses cost-savings and cost-effectiveness of clinical preventive care. The brief explains why the issue is important to policymakers, what concepts are important to consider, what factors influence the cost-effectiveness of a service, and what preventive care measures are cost-saving or favorably cost-effective. Policy implications are presented. A companion report is also available, along with additional materials posted on the Web site.

Contact: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Route One and College Road, East, P.O. Box 2316, Princeton, NJ 08543, Telephone: (888) 631-9989 Secondary Telephone: (877) 843-7953 Web Site: http://www.rwjf.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Costs, Health, Prevention, Public policy

Annotation: This document describes the Birth to 3 Program in Seattle and Tacoma, Washington, a federally-funded research/demonstration for prevention and intervention with high-risk alcohol- and drug-abusing mothers and their children. The document discusses how the program works, its cost-effectiveness per client per year, what the program needs next, accomplishments of the program, and vignettes and client comments.

Contact: University of Washington School of Medicine, Fetal Alcohol and Drug Unit, 180 Nickerson Street, Suite 309, Seattle, WA 98109, Telephone: (206) 543-7155 Fax: (206) 685-2903 E-mail: pphipps@u.washington.edu Web Site: http://depts.washington.edu/fadu/ Available at no charge.

Keywords: Alcohol abuse, Case studies, Drug affected children, Prevention programs, Substance abusing mothers, Washington

Annotation: This paper reviews selected areas of the available research on short- and long-term impacts of health promotion and disease prevention interventions for infants and children from birth to age 5, as well as during the prenatal period. The paper provides background, offers an argument for societal investment in children's health, explains the goal of the paper, discusses the methodology, and provides results and a conclusion. References are included. The paper includes four appendices: (1) tobacco use prevention and intervention, (2) addressing obesity across the lifespan, (3) unintentional injury prevention and intervention, and (4) mental disorder interventions. Each appendix discusses the problem's magnitude, determinants and risk factors, health consequences, economic consequences, evidence for prevention and treatment, and cost implications of interventions. Each appendix also includes a summary of research on the topic, in tabular form.

Contact: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Women's and Children's Health Policy Center, 615 North Wolfe Street, Room E4143, Baltimore, MD 21205, Telephone: (410) 502-5450 Fax: (410) 502-5831 E-mail: lzerbe@jhsph.edu Web Site: http://www.jhsph.edu/wchpc Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Child health, Costs, Disease prevention, Financing, Health promotion, Infant health, Injury prevention, Intervention, Literature reviews, Mental disorders, Mental health, Obesity, Prevention, Research, Smoking, Unintentional injuries, Young children

Annotation: This report is the proceedings of a conference on vision screening in the preschool child held in Bethesda, Maryland September 10-11, 1998. It consists of a list of conference faculty, a statement of purpose for the conference, a summary statement by the expert panel, and individual chapters of the presentations by invited speakers. The summary statement includes recommendations for vision screening programs, and recommendations for future research on vision screening techniques and cost-effectiveness of preschool vision screening. The speakers' topics include amblyopia, the target population for screening, types of screening, current screening programs in the United States and in Britain, practical issues of vision screening, and cost-effectiveness of screening programs. Appendices contain policy statements on vision screening from four professional or nonprofit groups, and World Health Organization guidelines for screening in general. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health, Georgetown University, Box 571272, Washington, DC 20057-1272, Telephone: (202) 784-9770 Fax: (202) 784-9777 E-mail: mchgroup@georgetown.edu Web Site: http://www.mchlibrary.org Available for loan. Document Number: HRSA Info. Ctr. MCHL073.

Keywords: Conference proceedings, Cost effectiveness, Preschool children, Vision screening

Annotation: This report summarizes a literature review and a field survey related to the cost-effectiveness of nutrition services for children with special health care needs (CSHCN). The literature review concentrates on cystic fibrosis, cerebral palsy, and failure to thrive. It includes an overview of each illness and the outcome indicators cited in the literature. The survey analysis results are presented by agency setting (i.e., clinical, public health, or university setting) and by federal region. A report on the expert panel convened to identify nutrition indicators for CSHCN, a description of workshop participant projects, and a list of workshop participants are included. The report was prepared for the Maternal and Child Health Interorganizational Nutrition Group (MCHING). [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: Maternal and Child Health Library at Georgetown University, Box 571272, Washington, DC 20057-1272, Telephone: (202) 784-9770 Fax: (202) 784-9777 E-mail: mchgroup@georgetown.edu Web Site: http://www.mchlibrary.info Available for loan. Document Number: HRSA Info. Ctr. MCHM020.

Keywords: Cerebral palsy, Children with special health care needs, Cost effectiveness, Cystic fibrosis, Failure to thrive, Federal regions, Literature reviews, Nutrition services, Nutrition surveys, Reports

Annotation: This document reports evaluations of five diverse demonstration programs that helped women get integrated prenatal care and substance abuse treatment by providing outreach, screening, expanded coverage for treatment, and other support services, such as case management. The demonstrations aimed to reduce costs borne by the Medicaid program and also to improve the health and well-being of both mothers and their infants. The demonstration programs studied were Maryland's Better Chance, Massachusetts' Medicaid Opportunities to Help Enter Recovery Services (MOTHERS), New York's six demonstration sites, South Carolina's Transitions program in three rural counties, and Washington's First Steps PLUS program in Yakima County.

Contact: Mathematica Policy Research, P.O. Box 2393, Princeton, NJ 08543-2393, Telephone: (609) 799-3535 Contact Phone: (609) 799-3535 Fax: (609) 799-0005 E-mail: info@mathematica-mpr.com Web Site: http://www.mathematica-mpr.com $16.25 plus $2.50 postage and handling. Executive summary, titled Pregnant Women and Substance: Testing Approaches to a Complex Problem, may be downloaded free from Web site.

Keywords: Infant health, Maryland, Massachusetts, Medicaid, Mothers, New York, Prenatal care, Program evaluation, Reports, South Carolina, Substance abuse treatment services, Substance abusing pregnant women, Washington

Annotation: This document reports evaluations of five diverse demonstration programs that helped women get integrated prenatal care and substance abuse treatment by providing outreach, screening, expanded coverage for treatment, and other support services, such as case management. The demonstrations aimed to reduce costs borne by the Medicaid program and also to improve the health and well-being of both mothers and their infants. The demonstration programs studied were Maryland's Better Chance, Massachusetts' Medicaid Opportunities to Help Enter Recovery Services (MOTHERS), New York's six demonstration sites, South Carolina's Transitions program in three rural counties, and Washington's First Steps PLUS program in Yakima County.

Contact: Mathematica Policy Research, P.O. Box 2393, Princeton, NJ 08543-2393, Telephone: (609) 799-3535 Contact Phone: (609) 799-3535 Fax: (609) 799-0005 E-mail: info@mathematica-mpr.com Web Site: http://www.mathematica-mpr.com May be downloaded free from Web site. Full report, titled Evaluation of the Demonstrations to Improve Access to Care for Pregnant Substance Abusers, is $16.25 plus $2.50 postage and handling.

Keywords: Infant health, Maryland, Massachusetts, Medicaid, Mothers, New York, Prenatal care, Program evaluation, Reports, South Carolina, Substance abuse treatment services, Substance abusing pregnant women, Washington

Annotation: This document outlines program costs and oral health costs savings for the national fluoride mouthrinse program in 2003. Data are included on program costs, the number of cavities prevented, and cost savings.

Contact: National Maternal and Child Oral Health Resource Center, Georgetown University, Box 571272, Washington, DC 20057-1272, Telephone: (202) 784-9771 Fax: (202) 784-9777 E-mail: OHRCinfo@georgetown.edu Web Site: http://www.mchoralhealth.org Single photocopies available at no charge.

Keywords: Child health, Cost effectiveness, Dental care, Dental caries, Disease prevention, Fluoride, Health care financing, Medicaid, Oral health

Annotation: This paper reviews cost-benefit evidence to identify four areas of investment that merit expanded federal funding. The four areas are (1) high-quality early childhood education programs for 3- and 4-year-olds, (2) nurse home-visiting programs to promote prenatal care and infant and early childhood development, (3) school reform with an emphasis on programs in high-poverty elementary schools that improve the acquisition of basic skills for all students, and (4) programs that reduce the incidence of adolescent pregnancy. The paper includes a summary as well as a detailed discussion of each of these areas. Endnotes are included. Statistical information is presented in tables throughout the paper. The paper includes one appendix: a detailed descripiton of reforms to improve teacher quality.

Contact: Brookings Institution, 1775 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 797-6000 Fax: (202) 797-6004 E-mail: communications@brookings.edu Web Site: http://www.brookings.edu Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Academic achievement, Adolescent pregnancy, Costs, Early childhood development, Early childhood education, Elementary schools, Federal programs, Financing, Home visiting, Poverty, Prenatal care, Prevention, Young children

Annotation: This report provides a systematic review of the interventions for early childhood caries prevention that are either implemented or being developed in the United States and Canada. Descriptions of these interventions and the studies conducted to evaluate their cost and overall effectiveness are included.

Contact: University of Toronto, Community Dental Health Services Research Unit, 124 Edward Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1G6, Telephone: (416) 979-4907 X4490 Fax: (416) 979-4936 E-mail: david.locker@utoronto.ca Web Site: http://www.utoronto.ca/dentistry/facultyresearch/dri/CDHSRU.html Single copies available at no charge; limited quantities available.

Keywords: Canada, Cost effectiveness, Dental caries, Early childhood caries, Early intervention, Evaluation, Oral health, United States

Annotation: This book reports on a review of early childhood interventions which aimed to quantify the benefits of these programs to children, their parents, and society at large. The review defined early childhood interventions as attempts by government agencies or other organizations to improve child health and development, educational attainment, and economic well-being. It is restricted to programs targeted to overcome the cognitive, emotional, and resource limitations that may characterize the environments of disadvantaged children during the first several years of life. It describes early intervention programs and their benefits; compares costs, savings, and benefits; and discusses issues relevant to investment decisions.

Contact: National Book Network, 4501 Forbes Blvd, Lanham, MD 20706, Telephone: (301) 459-3366 Fax: (301) 429-5746 E-mail: custserv@nbnbooks.com Web Site: http://www.nbnbooks.com/ $15.00 plus $3.22 shipping and handling, prepaid orders or credit card orders accepted. Document Number: ISBN 0-8330-2530-9.

Keywords: Child advocacy, Cost effectiveness, Early childhood development, Early intervention, Family support, High risk children, Low income groups, Minority groups, Social problems, Young children

Annotation: This brief summarizes research from the scientifically sound literature about the short- and long-term benefits from early childhood intervention programs, the features that are associated with more effective programs, and the economic gains that accrue from investing additional resources in early childhood. A table of effective early childhood intervention programs included in the study appears in the brief.

Contact: Rand Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-3208, Telephone: (310) 393-0411 Fax: 310-393-4818 E-mail: correspondence@rand.org Web Site: http://www.rand.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Academic achievement, Early childhood development, Early intervention, Early intervention programs, High risk children, Low income groups, Model programs, Research, School failure, School readiness

Annotation: This report offers assistance to decision makers and program implementers considering an assessment of costs and outcomes for implementing early childhood intervention programs. It provides: (1) a conceptual framework within which program costs and outcomes may be understood; (2) implications of the framework for program analysis; and (3) the application of methodology to illustrate a consortium's funding assessment. Topics include an overview and issues in cost and outcome analysis, and benefit-cost findings for early childhood intervention programs, applying cost and outcome analysis to the Starting Early Starting Smart (SESS) program. Additional sections in the report include a summary, a list of acronyms defined, conclusions, and a bibliography. The appendices provide information on SESS grant sites, program acknowledgments, and mission statements of the national collaborators, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) and Casey Family Programs.

Contact: Rand Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-3208, Telephone: (310) 393-0411 Fax: 310-393-4818 E-mail: correspondence@rand.org Web Site: http://www.rand.org Document Number: ISBN 0-8330-2973-8 (Casey); 0-8330-2974-6 (RAND).

Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Early intervention programs, Program descriptions, Program evaluation, Young children

Annotation: This paper reviews a body of literature that discusses early childhood related policy implications of the economic and business theories of human capital and monetary payoffs from early childhood investments. These theories focus more on investment and prevention than on treatment. In evaluating and summarizing the literature, the paper extracts recommendations for policy-makers, service providers, and the public concerning the orientation of early childhood care investments and how these investments correlate to taxpayer savings, health outcomes, and quality of life.

Contact: Rand Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-3208, Telephone: (310) 393-0411 Fax: 310-393-4818 E-mail: correspondence@rand.org Web Site: http://www.rand.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Child development, Cost effectiveness, Economics, Prevention services, Programs, Public policy, Young children

Annotation: This document presents a general method for determining the potential impact of key Healthy Start Project interventions on Medicaid managed care organization (MCO) costs. It provides an overview of selected published, national, state, and local data sources, as well as data available through MCO's. Appendices cover research results and program evidence of the effectiveness of social case management; outreach and home visiting; tables and profiles of selected model programs; available data sources on low birthweight rates and costs; and a sample data request from local sources. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health, Georgetown University, Box 571272, Washington, DC 20057-1272, Telephone: (202) 784-9770 Fax: (202) 784-9777 E-mail: mchgroup@georgetown.edu Web Site: http://www.mchlibrary.org Photocopy available at no charge.

Keywords: Case management, Cost effectiveness, Healthy Start, High risk mothers, Home visiting, Infant mortality, Low birthweight infants, Managed care, Medicaid, Outreach, Prenatal care, Prevention programs, Statistics

Annotation: This report gives information on the health and economic benefits of breastfeeding. The report lists both the short term and the long term health benefits to the mother and the baby. Several examples of health benefits also include information on costs saved due to breastfeeding. Also included are suggestions to health services providers of ways to encourage and support new mothers who breastfeed. The report includes a January 1998 update, and a bibliography.

Contact: Health Education Associates, 327 Quaker Meeting House Road, East Sandwich, MA 02537-1300, Telephone: (508) 888-8044 Secondary Telephone: (888) 888-8077 Fax: (508) 888-8050 E-mail: info@healthed.cc Web Site: http://www.healthed.cc $25.00.

Keywords: Breastfeeding, Breastfeeding promotion, Cost effectiveness, Economic factors, Infant health, Infant nutrition

Annotation: This paper reviews what is known about the value of Head Start and discusses the program benefits to participants and society as a whole that are large enough to justify the program's cost. Topics include (1) measuring program impacts, (2) reviewing research on the long-term impacts of Head Start, (3) providing benchmarks on short- and long-term benefits to justify the program cost, (4) discussing the research methodology, and (5) discussing recent suggestions that involve changing the Head Start program to increase its cost-effectiveness. Footnotes and references are provided.

Contact: National Poverty Center, University of Michigan, Joan and Sanford Weill Hall, Suite 5100, 735 South State Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-3091, Telephone: (734) 615-5312 Fax: (734) 615-8047 Web Site: http://npc.umich.edu Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Head Start, MCH research, Program descriptions, Program evaluation

Annotation: This study estimates the likely benefits of investment in a high-quality, large-scale, early childhood development (ECD) program. Chapter 1 provides a brief overview of the benefits of high-quality ECD programs and reports the benefit-cost ratios that have been calculated for four such programs. The study also presents calculations on the effect a high-quality, large-scale ECD program for all poor 3- and 4-year-old children would have on future government budgets, the economy, and crime. Additionally, the study illustrates the potential benefit to the solvency of the U.S. Social Security System from ECD investment. Finally, Appendix 1 presents in more detail the benefits of investments in ECD programs. In particular, after a review of the general characteristics of ECD programs, Appendix 1 provides case studies of the benefits of the four high-quality ECD programs discussed earlier and of Head Start.

Contact: Economic Policy Institute, 1333 H Street, N.W., Suite 300, East Tower, Washington, DC 20005, Telephone: (202) 775-8810 Fax: (202) 775-0819 E-mail: epi@epi.org Web Site: http://www.epi.org $9.95, plus shipping and handling; also available at no charge from the Web site. Document Number: ISBN 1-932066-15-2.

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Keywords: Budgets, Case studies, Cost effectiveness, Crime, Early childhood development, Early childhood education, Head Start, Low income groups, Programs, Social Security, Young children

Annotation: This issue brief assesses Medicaid's and the State Children's Health Insurance Program's (SCHIP's) success in reducing the uninsurance rate among children. The brief presents key findings, provides background, and answers the following three questions: (1) what has been the effect of Medicaid and SCHIP on the uninsured rate of low-income children? (2) to what extent have Medicaid and SCHIP provided children with access to needed care? and (3) Are Medicaid and SCHIP providing cost-effective coverage? Statistical information is presented in figures throughout the brief. A conclusion and endnotes are included.

Contact: Georgetown University Health Policy Institute, 3300 Whitehaven Street, N.W., Suite 5000, Box 571444, Washington, DC 20057-1485, Telephone: (202) 687-0880 Fax: (202) 687-3110 Web Site: http://ihcrp.georgetown.edu/ Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Child health, Cost effectiveness, Low income groups, Medicaid, State Children's Health Insurance Program, Uninsured persons

Annotation: This report provides information about a study of the barriers to accessible oral health for working poor and indigent residents of Spanish-speaking immigrant communities. The study took place in Pacoima and San Fernando in Los Angeles County, California. The study focuses on access issues as they pertain to oral health and care of residents of recent immigrant communities, with special emphasis on the development of a policy-relevant model that would enhance access, outreach, and cost-effective use of oral health care. The report contains an executive summary of the results, an introduction to the study population, and a description of the study design and objectives; presents the results; and provides recommendations and a conclusion. Statistical information is presented in figures throughout the report. The report includes references.

Contact: California Program on Access to Care, California Policy Research Center, 1950 Addison Street, Number 203, Berkeley, CA 94720-7410, Telephone: (510) 643-3140 Fax: (510) 642-7861 E-mail: gilbert.ojeda@ucop.edu Web Site: http://www.ucop.edu/cpac/ Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, California, Communities, Cultural barriers, Dental care, Hispanic Americans, Immigrants, Language barriers, Low income groups, Oral health, Socioeconomic factors

Annotation: This supplement summarizes the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and epidemiology of the diseases that are newly preventable by vaccines for adolescents and describes the key features of each of the recommended vaccines. Additional articles address questions about the readiness of adolescents' medical homes to deliver these vaccines and the possible effects on the delivery of other preventive health care services, whether the new vaccines will increase adolescent visits and other preventive health care use, sample strategies at the practice level, vaccinating adolescents outside the medical home, lessons learned for delivering vaccines to youth in high-risk settings, projected cost effectiveness of new vaccines for adolescents in the United States, the basis for vaccine school-entry requirements, and a summary of the status of consent laws. Each article contains an abstract and references. Statistical data are provided in charts throughout the supplement.

Contact: American Academy of Pediatrics, 141 Northwest Point Boulevard, Elk Grove Village, IL 60007-1098, Telephone: (847) 434-4000 Secondary Telephone: (800) 433-9016 Fax: (847) 434-8000 Web Site: http://www.aap.org

Keywords: Adolescents, Consent, Immunization, Medical home, Preventive health services, School health education, Statistical data

Annotation: This book, written for maternal and child health professionals, policymakers, and health care managers, evaluates the effectiveness of prenatal care interventions and provides a framework for prenatal care that looks beyond the perspective of immediate neonatal outcomes to the broader public health issues. Topics covered in this book include prenatal care and complications of pregnancy, preventing prematurity, new findings and long-term evidence on intrauterine growth restriction, preventing and treating birth defects, and prenatal care as an integral component of women's health care. Also included is a summary of effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of prenatal care.

Contact: Cambridge University Press, 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013-2473, Telephone: 212-924-3900 Secondary Telephone: (914) 937-9600 Fax: 212-691-3239 E-mail: information@cup.org Web Site: http://www.cambridge.org/us/ $67.95 plus $5.00 shipping. Document Number: ISBN 0-521-66196-X.

Keywords: Congenital abnormalities, Cost effectiveness, Outcome evaluation, Pregnancy complications, Prematurity, Prenatal care, Treatment outcome

Annotation: This report provides estimates of the magnitude of the costs to society from substance abuse and the costs and benefits gained through effective prevention. The report summarizes existing estimates of the costs of substance abuse and its damaging consequences, analyzes the probable outcomes of implementing school-based substance abuse prevention programming nationwide in 2002 for adolescents ages 12-17, summarizes existing costs and benefits of substance abuse and related prevention programs from society's perspective, and suggests how the information provided might be used to create an integrated, comprehensive, and highly cost-effective approach to substance abuse prevention. The report also suggests directions for future work.

Contact: U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, One Choke Cherry Road Room 8, 1036, Rockville, MD 20857, Telephone: (240) 276-2000 Secondary Telephone: (240) 276-2130 Fax: (240) 276-2010 Web Site: http://www.samhsa.gov Available at no charge from the Web site. Document Number: DHHS Pub. No. (SMA) 07-4298.

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Keywords: Adolescent behavior, Adolescent health, Costs, Prevention, Prevention programs, School health programs, Substance abuse

Annotation: This report summarizes task force findings from the public hearings of Governor Arne H. Carlson's Task Force on Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. The report looks at how fetal alcohol syndrome affects individuals, their families, and their communities, how much it costs, and what can be done to prevent it. The report recommends action steps, changes in state policy, and improved funding to prevent the harm of this condition.

Contact: Minnesota Planning, 658 Cedar Street, Saint Paul, MN 55155, Telephone: 651-201-2499 Fax: 651-296-3698 E-mail: http://www.gda.state.mn.us Web Site: http://www.mnplan.state.mn.us/

Keywords: Communities, Costs, Families, Fetal alcohol syndrome, Minnesota, Prevention, Reports, State programs

Annotation: This report summarizes the proceedings of a conference convened to explore (1) why the slow diffusion of many health care and medical innovations persists and (2) how to accelerate the adoption of clinical technologies and health service innovations that have been shown to improve the quality and/or cost effectiveness of health care. The report, which includes an executive summary, focuses on the following issues: (1) devices and drugs: obstacles to timely product uptake, (2) innovation in the hospital and at the bedside, (3) innovation in public health, prevention, and disease management, (4) the imperative of information technology and e-health, and (5) better quality through informed consumer choice. The report also includes synopses of three papers commissioned for the conference. Statistical information is presented in figures throughout the report. The appendix lists conference faculty with contact information.

Contact: National Institute for Health Care Management Research and Educational Foundation, 1225 19th Street, N.W., Suite 710, Washington, DC 20036-2454, Telephone: (202) 296-4426 Fax: (202) 296-4319 E-mail: nihcm@nihcm.org Web Site: http://www.nihcm.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Conference proceedings, Consumers, Cost effectiveness, Diffusion of innovation, Disease management, Disease prevention, Health care, Hospitals, Information systems, Internet, Management, Medical devices, Medical research, Prescription drugs, Prevention, Public health, Technology

Annotation: This special issue of the journal Pediatrics is a report from the Newborn Screening Task Force convened in Washington, DC in May, 1999. It includes an executive summary and a chapter on each of the four key recommendations. The recommendations cover public health infrastructure, professional and public involvement, surveillance and research, and the economics of screening. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: HRSA Information Center, P.O. Box 2910, Merrifield, VA 22116, Telephone: (888) 275-4772 Secondary Telephone: (877) 489-4772 Fax: (703) 821-2098 E-mail: ask@hrsa.gov Web Site: http://www.ask.hrsa.gov Available at no charge. Document Number: HRSA Info. Ctr. MCHM065.

Keywords: Economic factors, Neonatal screening, Population surveillance, Professional personnel, Public health infrastructure, Research programs, Task forces

Annotation: This policy brief highlights key findings from a study that examines Medicaid's efficiency and cost-effectiveness. The study addresses new empirical evidence to bear in the debate concerning the efficiency of Medicaid vs. private health insurance as a mechanism for covering low-income children and adults. The brief is divided into the following sections: (1) study highlights, (2) simulation results: estimates of spending per person under Medicaid and private insurance, and (3) discussion. Statistical information is presented in figures throughout the brief and in two tables at the end of the brief.

Contact: Kaiser Commission on Medicaid and the Uninsured, 1330 G Street, N.W., Suite 250, Washington, DC 20005, Telephone: (202) 347-5270 Fax: (202) 347-5274 E-mail: kcmu@kff.org Web Site: http://www.kff.org/ Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Adults, Children, Cost effectiveness, Costs, Health care delivery, Health care financing, Health insurance programs, Low income groups, Medicaid, Statistics

Annotation: This publication defines clinical preventive services for adolescents, presents professional recommendations, and examines the rationale for providing a comprehensive set of clinical preventive services to adolescents. It explores barriers to the delivery of this care as well as promising strategies for reducing those barriers and looks at the extent to which this care is actually being delivered. Finally, using current trends and available cost analyses, this publication assesses the effectiveness of providing these services within the current healthcare environment and recommends areas in which further research is needed. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: National Adolescent Health Information Center, 3333 California Street, Suite 245 Box 0503, San Francisco, CA 94143, Telephone: (415) 502-4856 Fax: (415) 502-4858 E-mail: nahic@ucsf.edu Web Site: http://nahic.ucsf.edu/ Available at no charge; also available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Adolescent health, Adolescent health services, Advocacy, Cost effectiveness, Costs, Health care financing, Health insurance, Prevention services, Service delivery

Annotation: This report examines the costs of four types of young children's health problems -- exposure to tobacco smoke, unintentional injury, mental health problems, and obesity -- and reviews over 300 studies of a range of interventions to address them. The authors also assesd the benefits to society of addressing these health problems and lay out the costs of not addressing them.

Contact: Partnership for America's Economic Success, 1025 F Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20004, Telephone: (202) 552-2000 E-mail: info@partnershipforsuccess.org Web Site: http://www.PartnershipforSuccess.org

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Keywords: Child health, Cost effectiveness, Costs, Early intervention, Mental health, Obesity, Passive smoking, Prevention, Unintentional injuries, Young children

Annotation: This article focuses on the economic benefits of investing in early childhood development and provides an example of a state (Minnesota) whose policies illustrate these benefits. The article also offers tips and strategies for how states and communities can work with business leaders and economists to establish similar investments for infants, toddlers, and their families.

Contact: Zero To Three: National Center for Infants, Toddlers, and Families, 2000 M Street, N.W., Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036-3307, Telephone: (202) 638-1144 Secondary Telephone: (800) 899-4301 E-mail: 0to3@presswarehouse.com Web Site: http://www.zerotothree.org

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Keywords: Collaboration, Communities, Costs, Early childhood development, Families, Financing, Infant development, Minnesota, Public policy, State programs

Annotation: This report provides a summary of the patterns and trends of the major contributors to death in children, highlighting important risk factors, relevant interventions, available resources, and recommendations for further reducing child mortality. The report is intended for policy makers, opinion leaders, and the public. It includes chapters on the following: (1) a profile of America's children; (2) mortality patterns in 1995; (3) trends in overall mortality; (4) trends in specific causes of death; (5) actual causes of death; (6) special topics such as suicide, violence, asthma, bronchitis, and cancer; (7) economic and social factors; (8) cost-effectiveness of interventions to lower risk; and (9) resources for children's health.

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Keywords: Adolescents, Asthma, Bronchitis, Cancer, Cause of death, Child death, Child health, Child mortality, Children, Economic factors, Health policy, Public health, Risk factors, Social factors, Suicide, Trends, Violence

Annotation: This report defines and examines the evidence for the effectiveness of health services targeted at promoting optimal development in children from birth to three years of age. The services reviewed are provided in general pediatric settings as part of a routine well-child care and health supervision. The report begins with a review of health supervision guidelines for pediatricians, from the American Academy of Pediatricians and the Bright Futures project, along with the Commonwealth Healthy Steps Program and Zero to Three Developmental Specialist program. The second section provides results of a literature review on program efficacy, effectiveness, or cost effectiveness of services, and is categorized into four areas: assessment, education, intervention, and care coordination. The final section describes results and offers suggestions. Tables provide data on developmental services typology, assessments, education, and interventions. The report concludes with references.

Contact: Commonwealth Fund, One East 75th Street, New York, NY 10021, Telephone: (212) 606-3800 Fax: (212) 606-3500 E-mail: info@cmwf.org Web Site: http://www.commonwealthfund.org Available at no charge; also available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Child health services, Developmental screening, Early childhood development, Guidelines, Health supervision, Program evaluation, Young children

Annotation: This book provides information on the history of midwifery in America and discusses the safety, quality, and cost effectiveness of such care. It discusses the development of direct-entry midwifery; safety of out-of-hospital births in the U.S.; midwifery in Europe, Canada, Australia, and Japan; effect of midwifery on costs and other special contributions; and recommendations for the future. The book ends with a list of references.

Contact: Temple University Press, 1601 North Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, Telephone: (800) 621-2736 Fax: (800) 621-8471 Web Site: http://www.temple.edu/tempress/ $54.95. Document Number: ISBN 1-56639-565-8.

Keywords: Birthing centers, Childbirth, Cost effectiveness, Managed care, Midwifery, Safety

Annotation: This paper discusses findings on oral health services for school age children as presented at the International Association of Dental Research and American Association of Dental Research meeting held April 5-8, 2000, in Washington, DC. Topics include treatment needs; costs; service use in Medicaid programs, school based programs, and other oral health programs. Specific information about the Rochester Oral Health Coalition for the Underserved is included. Statistical data are presented in tables and charts.

Contact: University of Rochester, Eastman Dental Center, Division of Community Dentistry, 625 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14620-2989, Telephone: (716) 275-0128 Secondary Telephone: (716) 275-5007 Fax: (716) 756-5577 Web Site: http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/dentistry/ Single photocopies available at no charge.

Keywords: Access to health care, Health care costs, Health care utilization, Health status, Model programs, Oral health, Statistical data, Underserved communities

Annotation: This briefing reviews available evidence that Medicaid family planning waivers not only meet the budget neutrality standards required of all 1115 Medicaid waivers but also produce real saviings. (The waivers are intended to help women avoid unintended pregnancy and improve maternal and child health by expanding access to family planning services for women of childbearing age). The briefing also examines challenges facing states seeking to maximize these savings. The briefing presents results from a national evaluation and individual state evaluations of the waiver programs. The significance of an enhanced federal matching rate for family planning services, as well as the requirement that the waiver programs be budget neutral (i.e., states must show that over a 5-year period, federal Medicaid spending will be no higher with the waiver in effect than it would have been without it), are discussed.

Contact: National Academy for State Health Policy, 10 Free Street, Second Floor, Portland, ME 04101, Telephone: (207) 874-6524 Secondary Telephone: (202) 903-0101 Fax: (207) 874-6527 E-mail: info@nashp.org Web Site: http://www.nashp.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Child health, Cost effectiveness, Costs, Evaluation, Family planning services, Infant health, Legislation, Medicaid, Pregnancy, Prenatal care, State programs, Women's health

Annotation: This is one of a series of four reports identifying innovative state efforts to enhance access to care, coverage, and efficiency in health care spending. This report focuses on selected state programs for advanced care and disease management in people with chronic conditions. Each state profile includes the purpose or goal of the program, key participants, a program description, the survey time frame, required legislation or authority, funding mechanisms, efficiencies, and challenges and future plans. States discussed are North Carolina, Colorado, Indiana, Florida, Texas, Washington, Vermont, Kentucky, and New Mexico. Contact information and additional notes are provided.

Contact: Commonwealth Fund, One East 75th Street, New York, NY 10021, Telephone: (212) 606-3800 Fax: (212) 606-3500 E-mail: info@cmwf.org Web Site: http://www.commonwealthfund.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Case studies, Chronic illnesses and disabilities, Colorado, Cost effectiveness, Fiscal management, Florida, Health care financing, Indiana, Kentucky, New Mexico, North Carolina, Service coordination, State programs, Texas, Vermont, Washington

Annotation: This fact sheet outlines the ways in which preventive oral health care can reduce disease burdens and associated expenditures. Topics include preventive oral health interventions such as early preventive care, fluoridation, and dental sealants; how lack of oral health care leads to costly emergency department visits and temporary solutions; the connection between access and preventive care, including socioeconomic and health insurance status; and the consequences of untreated oral disease and its effect on general health.

Contact: Children's Dental Health Project, 1020 19th Street, N.W., Suite 400, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 833-8288 Fax: (202) 318-0667 E-mail: cdhpinfo@cdhp.org Web Site: http://www.cdhp.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Barriers, Cost effectiveness, Dental care, Dental sealants, Fluoride, Health insurance, Oral health, Prevention services, Preventive medicine

Annotation: This report provides employee benefits managers and purchasers with guidance on how to purchase mental health insurance benefits that promote cost-effectiveness, access to treatment, and high-quality care. Sections include: mental disorders in the workplace: prevalence, impact and treatment; typical benefits packages for mental health treatment; improving mental health insurance benefit design; and mental health benefits packages that incorporate the design recommendations. The appendices provide information on a case study and advisors and consultants to the report. Tables throughout the report illustrate a variety of benefit package features.

Contact: U.S. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, One Choke Cherry Road Room 8, 1036, Rockville, MD 20857, Telephone: (240) 276-2000 Secondary Telephone: (240) 276-2130 Fax: (240) 276-2010 Web Site: http://www.samhsa.gov Available at no charge; also available at no charge from the Web site. Document Number: DHHS SMA 03-3542.

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Keywords: Access to health care, Cost effectiveness, Costs, Employee benefits, Employer initiatives, Health insurance, Health maintenance organizations, Mental health, Mental health services, Preferred provider organizations, Private sector

Annotation: This three-part series describes the process and methods of outcomes research. Each part includes a case study which illustrates the application of outcomes research in long-term care, hospital, or community settings. Each case study features a different method of economic analysis and demonstrates the use of nutrition cost outcomes in clinical practice decision-making. Part 1 defines outcomes research, why it is important, and how it is distinguished from traditional clinical research. Part 2 details the steps in measuring effectiveness of nutrition interventions and presents key concepts of evaluation. Part 3 discusses economic and cost issues.

Keywords: Case studies, Costs, Economic factors, Evaluation, Hospital services, Intervention, Long term care, Nutrition, Outcome and process assessment, Research

Annotation: This paper discussed comparative effectiveness (CE), which aims to assess how various procedures or interventions for a given ailment compare with each other. Topic covered include public-sector, private-sector, and international approaches to CE research, governance of CE, designating the Institue of Medicine as a model for a proposed CE center, challenges in using CE, the experience of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and next steps.

Contact: Alliance for Health Reform, 1444 Eye St., N.W., Suite 910, Washington, DC 20005, Telephone: (202) 789-2300 Fax: (202) 789-2233 E-mail: billerwin@allhealth.org Web Site: http://www.allhealth.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Costs, Health care, Health care services, Research, Treatment

Annotation: This report discusses the economic benefits of breastfeeding. Topics discussed include the medical costs of not breastfeeding, the nonmedical costs of artificial feeding, other costs of not breastfeeding, investing in supporting breastfeeding, and what's needed to increase the incidence and duration of breastfeeding. The report concludes with a list of references.

Contact: U. S. Breastfeeding Committee, 2025 M Street, N.W., Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 367-1132 Fax: (202) 367-2132 E-mail: info@usbreastfeeding.org Web Site: http://www.usbreastfeeding.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Breastfeeding, Breastfeeding promotion, Costs, Infant formula, Infant health, Women's health

Annotation: This fact sheet discusses the impact of not breastfeeding infants on the short- and long-term health of the child, family economics, and future national economics due to higher costs for additional needed health services, loss of productivity in the workforce by parents and the child as an adult, and other strains on the national economy. It outlines programs of the federal government in supporting breastfeeding and what is needed to achieve national goal for increasing the incidence and duration of breastfeeding. References conclude the fact sheet. [Funded in part by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: U. S. Breastfeeding Committee, 2025 M Street, N.W., Suite 800, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 367-1132 Fax: (202) 367-2132 E-mail: info@usbreastfeeding.org Web Site: http://www.usbreastfeeding.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Breastfeeding, Breastfeeding promotion, Cost effectiveness, Costs, Infant health, Infant nutrition, National programs

Annotation: This glossary, based on Government Accounting Office publications and program evaluation literature, defines types of program performance assessment (performance measurement and program evaluation), the relationship between performance measurement and program evaluation, and types of program evaluation (process, outcome evaluation, impact evaluation, and cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analyses).

Contact: U.S. Government Accountability Office, 441 G Street, N.W., Room LM, Washington, DC 20548, Telephone: (202) 512-3000 E-mail: contact@gao.gov Web Site: http://www.gao.gov First copy available at no charge, additional copies are $2.00 each. Document Number: GAO/GGD-98-26.

Keywords: Assessment, Pamphlets, Program evaluation

Annotation: This report updates an earlier General Accounting Office analysis of states' Health Insurance and Flexibility and Accounting Initiative (HIFA) waiver proposals reviewed and approved by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) after July 2002. This report provides information on DHHS's approval of states' proposals to use State Children's Health Insurance Program funds to extend health insurance coverage to childless and other groups of adults, including whether such proposals were subject to a cost-effectiveness test, and outline the status of other HIFA waiver applications that DHHS has reviewed by not approved. Some information is presented in tables throughout the report.

Contact: U.S. Government Accountability Office, 441 G Street, N.W., Room LM, Washington, DC 20548, Telephone: (202) 512-3000 E-mail: contact@gao.gov Web Site: http://www.gao.gov Available at no charge; also available at no charge from the Web site. Document Number: GAO-04-166R.

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Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Health insurance, State Children's Health Insurance Program, Waivers

Annotation: This report to Congress focuses on the benefits and costs pf providing language-assistance services to people with limited English proficiency (LEP) pursuant to Executive Order 13166 and the Title V regulations. To assess the benefits and costs of LEP plans generally, the report uses data and assumptions about different types of language-assistance services that are being provided or that could be provided to LEP individuals seeking services from federal programs in a variety of contexts. Appendix A includes statistics on non-English languages spoken at home. Appendix B provides a table of comments received from the public and organizations during the preparation of the report.

Contact: U.S. Office of Management and Budget, 725 17th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20503, Telephone: (202) 395-3080 Fax: (202) 395-3888 Web Site: http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Costs, Federal programs, Health care delivery, Language barriers, Legislation, Limited English speakers, Service delivery

Annotation: This report examines the various health care costs associated with the nation's transportation system, including costs related to traffic crashes, air pollution from traffic, obesity and overweight, lack of physical activity, and other factors such as noise, water quality, mental health (stress), and social cohesion. The report takes a look at research findings that link transportation-related decisions and policy with health impacts and costs, and includes case studies that show how health costs or benefits can be calculated for changes in pedestrian safety, air pollution, and physical activity. Recommendations for future transportation policy and investment are provided.

Contact: American Public Health Association, 800 I Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20001-3710, Telephone: (202) 777-APHA Secondary Telephone: (202) 777-2500 Fax: (202) 777-2534 E-mail: comments@apha.org Web Site: http://www.apha.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Case studies, Cost effectiveness, Health care costs, Prevention, Transportation

Annotation: This report provides information about a study to review the evidence on characteristics of community health workers (CHWs) and CHW interventions, outcomes of such interventions, costs and cost-effectiveness of CHW interventions, and characteristics of CHW training. The report provides the methods, results, discussion, and conclusion.

Contact: U.S. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Office of Communications and Knowledge Transfer, 540 Gaither Road, Suite 2000, Rockville, MD 20850, Telephone: (301) 427-1364 Secondary Telephone: (800) 358-9295 E-mail: http://info.ahrq.gov Web Site: http://www.ahrq.gov Available at no charge from the Web site. Document Number: AHRQ Pub. No. 09-E014.

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Keywords: Community health aides, Cost-effectiveness, Costs, Interventions, Research, Training

Annotation: This issue brief updates and expands on the information in Washington Business Group on Health's 1996 publication Business, Babies, and the Bottom Line.

Contact: National Business Group on Health, 50 F Street, N.W., Suite 600, Washington, DC 20001, Telephone: (202) 628-9320 Fax: (202) 628-9244 E-mail: info@businessgrouphealth.org Web Site: http://www.businessgrouphealth.org Available at no charge.

Keywords: Child health, Corporate programs, Cost effectiveness, Employee benefits, Employer initiatives, Infant health, MCH programs, Maternal health, Prenatal care, Worksite health promotion

Annotation: This issue brief addresses the importance of family planning in women's health care, reasons employers should cover family planning services in their employee health insurance plans, and employer concerns.

Contact: National Business Group on Health, 50 F Street, N.W., Suite 600, Washington, DC 20001, Telephone: (202) 628-9320 Fax: (202) 628-9244 E-mail: info@businessgrouphealth.org Web Site: http://www.businessgrouphealth.org Available at no charge.

Keywords: Contraception, Corporate programs, Cost effectiveness, Counseling, Employee benefits, Employer initiatives, Family planning, Health insurance, Infant health promotion, Pregnancy counseling, Women's health promotion, Workplace health promotion

Annotation: The report documents the costs and benefits of nutrition services provided by registered dietitians in community or ambulatory settings for selected children with special health care needs. An objective of this report is to increase awareness of the kind and extent of services needed to resolve nutrition and feeding problems in this population. The report demonstrates improvements in nutrition and feeding problems and the savings in overall health care expenditures that result from an investment in professional time for multiple family/child contacts. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: HRSA Information Center, P.O. Box 2910, Merrifield, VA 22116, Telephone: (888) 275-4772 Secondary Telephone: (877) 489-4772 Fax: (703) 821-2098 E-mail: ask@hrsa.gov Web Site: http://www.ask.hrsa.gov Available at no charge. Document Number: HRSA Info. Ctr. MCHK111.

Keywords: Child nutrition, Child nutrition programs, Children with special health care needs, Cost effectiveness, Dietitians, Feeding, Reports

Contact: Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs, 2030 M Street, N.W., Suite 350, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 775-0436 Fax: (202) 775-0061 Web Site: http://www.amchp.org Available at no charge.

Keywords: Cost effectiveness, Intervention, Smoking cessation, Smoking during pregnancy, Tobacco use

Annotation: This report represents an effort to develop guidelines for estimating unit costs and for developing information systems that will facilitate their estimation. The report describes the total and unit costs for maternal and child health services for three family health service agencies located in New Jersey focusing on (1) adolescent counseling, (2) perinatal addiction treatment, and (3) case management. The report includes results. Some information is presented in tables throughout the report. An appendix provides two daily logs forms. [Funded by the Maternal and Child Health Bureau]

Contact: Maternal and Child Health Information Resource Center, Health Systems Research, 1200 18th Street, N.W., Suite 700, Washington, DC 20036, Telephone: (202) 842-2000 Fax: (202) 728-9469 E-mail: mchirc@hsrnet.com Web Site: http://www.mchb.hrsa.gov/mchirc Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Adolescent health programs, Case management, Costs, Family health, Information systems, MCH services, New Jersey, Perinatal addiction

Annotation: This report describes a study that focused on estimating overall medical home costs with practice data that capture not only the costs but also the degree to which the practice meets the criteria of a medical home, according to a widely used medical-home-assessment tool.Topics covered include available estimates of medical home costs and estimating the incremental cost of the medical home.

Contact: Commonwealth Fund, One East 75th Street, New York, NY 10021, Telephone: (212) 606-3800 Fax: (212) 606-3500 E-mail: info@cmwf.org Web Site: http://www.commonwealthfund.org Available at no charge from the Web site.

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Keywords: Costs, Medical home, Research, Statistical data